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20TH Anniversary of Rwandan Genocide Approaches; Search For MH370 Goes Underwater; David Letterman Announces Retirement; Fort Hood Shooting Raises Security Questions; Displaced Chileans Afraid To Go Home

Aired April 04, 2014 - 8:00   ET

THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.

KRISTIE LU STOUT, HOST: I'm Kristie Lu Stout in Hong Kong. And welcome to News Stream where news and technology meet.

Now they have searched by sea, by air, even by satellite. Now the search for the missing Malaysia airline, it goes underwater.

Formula One star Michael Schumacher remains in a medically induced coma, but now his agent says that he is experiencing moments of what she calls awakening and consciousness.

TV legend plans his exit. David Letterman says he will quit next year. Search crews are now looking underwater for missing Malaysia Airlines Flight 370. Now nearly four weeks have passed since the jetliner vanished with 239 people on board. Now this device will try to finally find some answers. The toad pinger locator, or TPL, can detect signals coming from an aircraft's flight recorders. Now the pingers, they are activated once they come into contact with water, so let's listen to the sound they make.

Now the TPL, it's like a microphone listening for that sound, but the frequency is expected to fade soon. The pinger's batteries could expire as soon as Monday. And there is no telling if the listening equipment has been deployed to the right area. The search zone has been shift north. Today i measured about 217,000 square kilometers.

But the ships with underwater listening equipment are only searching a 240 kilometer track.

Here is why they just had to narrow it down. The U.S. navy says the TPL can search about 385 square kilometers a day. and the vessel dragging it travels at about three knots, or five kilometers an hour.

Now, another device, the underwater robot BlueFin 21 can only search 100 square kilometers a day.

And the U.S. navy captain in charge of this equipment says it will take time.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

CAPT. MARK M. MATTHEWS, U.S. NAVY: These searches are very slow. Again, we're searching on what information we do have, our best guess at where it would have been lost. And it's the best we can do at this time.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Is it a shot in the dark, the equipment is there, we might as well use it, give it a shot.

MATTHEWS: Absolutely. It's -- that's a good characterization. Again, you know, there's a lot of smart people that did the analysis that determined that the plane was likely on this course. It's the best information we have based on that, but certainly it's a broad search area.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

LU STOUT: They're going with the best information they have.

Let's bring in our resident aviation expert. Richard Quest joins me live from CNN New York. Richard, thank you so much for joining me.

We know that they narrowed down the search area. They had to. But still, no debris has been found. So how do they do it? How do officials know where to send the locator to find these black box recorders?

RICHARD QUEST, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Well, we're back to the basic data from which they have launched the entire search operation. It's basically the radar tracks up in the north when the plane was flying from Malaysia up to South China Sea, did the turn at 119 and then went out west and then south over the Strait of Malaka. Then it flies south for six-and-a-half hours.

And the second part of the data, the six or six-and-a-half handshake pings, which are the Inmarsat Sat satellite. And upon that data, the international group which is working in Malaysia, which is basically the NTSB, the AAIB, Inmarsat, Rolls Royce, Boeing, everybody pouring over all this rather tenuous data, that is where they are working out.

Just look how the searches are. But they've -- that's all they've got to go on, Kristie. So they have to just do the best guess they've got and start refining the search within those parameters.

LU STOUT: The search is on for the recorders, these toad pinger locators have been deployed, but there is also underwater robots or drones available.

I mean, your thoughts, what's most effective to find these black box recorders?

QUEST: Well, frankly, until they know roughly the area, none of it is very effective underwater. I mean, that's the truth of it. Paula Newton's question to the military man there sums it up, you've got the stuff out there you might as well be using it. You know, there's no point having it sitting as a big paper weight on a boat, put it in the water and see what you come up with and do the best guess that you can.

Look, if that sounds a bit pessimistic, that is exactly what they are doing. They don't know. They do not know that it is there. They've found no debris. And the mere fact they've found no debris tells us a little bit of something, it either means, Kristie, that -- it either means they're in completely the wrong place or that possibly the plane went into the water in much more intact condition than we had first understood.

In other words, the plane is -- may have broken up, but it went straight into the water and it broke up underwater. And even then, you might have expected something to have risen to the top.

But the lack of debris, the lack of anything being found so far is both troubling, but it also gives an indication of what still now needs to be done.

LU STOUT: You know, they're using every piece of intel that's available, they're using so many devices to go out there and to find these recorders.

You know -- did you want to add something? Go ahead.

QUEST: Well, it's very interesting you say that, because what they haven't really used is satellite pictures. They've start -- the Australians announced overnight that satellite imagery was being used and some satellite assets were being tasked to look over the region. But they also made it clear satellites in this part of the world are not taking constant pictures. It's not like we are watching Russian or Chinese landmasses, so the satellites are being tasked to look at certain areas.

But what we learned from the very first zone southwest of where they are now is that satellites take pictures, these pictures -- photos come up with a lot amount of objects on the water. And when you actually get to those objects, you either can't find them, because of the delay or they prove to be something completely different -- wood pallets, jellyfish and the like.

So although satellites are now being added to the mix, it's still very much eyes on water and then get the boats to pull out what's been found.

LU STOUT: Got it. Richard Quest joining me live from New York, thank you so much for your take on that.

Now we cannot forget about the families of the 239 people on that missing plane and not knowing what has happened to their loved ones has been absolutely agonizing for them. Pauline Chiou talked to some of those families in Beijing.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

PAULINE CHIOU, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Mao Tuquei (ph) is a well-known Chinese watercolor artist. In early March, he had gone to Malaysia to exhibit his landscape paintings. His daughter and wife never spoke to him during that week-long trip, because the international calls were too expensive. They rushed to Beijing nearly a month ago as soon as they learned he was on board the missing Malaysia Airlines flight.

His daughter says, "I'm really afraid. My mother cannot bear this any longer. What if my dad is gone and my mother follows him? What would I do?"

Under the weight of so much anguish, her mother does hang on to moments of hope.

"There's an old Chinese saying," she says. "If a person is alive we need to see him as proof. If a person is dead, we need to see the body. We relatives haven't seen anything yet, so how can we give up hope?"

While hundreds of relatives wait for more definitive information, they shuffle in and out of regular meetings in Beijing with Malaysian officials -- briefing after briefing after briefing.

Most begin with a slide presentation. One skeptical relative has asked, how can you draw a conclusion from a Powerpoint presentation?

As relatives continue the wait, they pray, they reflect, they hope, drawing strength from being with each other.

"The most painful thing in life is to lose your loved ones," this man says. "But we believe we haven't lost them. They must be alive. All we have now is a lie saying that the plane crashed."

Privately, many relatives are saying they are realistic and trying to prepare for the worst news. But one family member explains the nuances going on. He says there's a difference between hope and belief. Hope for the best possible outcome, and belief that outcome may not actually materialize.

Pauline Chiou, CNN, Beijing.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

LU STOUT: And now to Paris where passengers on one plane were briefly quarantined on Friday after suspicions that one passenger might have the deadly disease Ebola. The Air France flight had just arrived at Charles de Gaulle airport from the capital of the West African nation Guinea where an Ebola outbreak has killed dozens of people.

Now passengers and crew were given a medical check and then cleared. Everyone on board was released.

Now Michael Schumacher's spokeswoman says the ex-Formula One star is showing moments of consciousness and awakening. Now the Formula One racing legend has been in a medically induced coma since a skiing accident back in December. Now about a month later, Schumacher's family said the drugs used to keep him asleep were being gradually reduced. Now he is still hospitalized in Grenoble, France where his accident took place.

This is News Stream. And after the break, an internationally claimed photographer shot dead in Afghanistan. An attack on two journalist comes on the eve of historic presidential elections.

And two decades on, we look back at the horrors of the Rwanda genocide and how one woman is forced to relive what she endured every day.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

LU STOUT: Welcome back.

Now two western journalists have been shot in Afghanistan, one of them fatally. Both women were working for the Associated Press.

Now the news agency says German photographer Anya Niedringhaus was killed and Canadian reporter Kathy Gannon was wounded and is receiving medical care.

Now AP says that the organization is heartbroken.

Now the women were in Afghanistan on the eve of the country's presidential elections. It is a historic vote with current president Hamid Karzai handing over the reins.

There are several candidates vying for the presidency. And here's a closer look at the top three.

Abdullah Abdullah is a doctor and vocal opponent of the Taliban, once an ally of president Karzai, he has in recent years been highly critical. In 2009, he dropped out of the election alleging voter fraud.

Ashraf Ghani has emerged as a come from behind candidate. He is a former finance minister, an ex-U.S. citizen and was once a World Bank economist.

And Zalmai Rassoul is a Karzai ally. He was said to be the establishment pick. Now the former foreign minister has a reputation for honesty and is seen as a moderate.

It is the third vote since the fall of the Taliban in 2001. And the Taliban has vowed to disrupt the elections. Our correspondent Anna Coren is covering the story from Kabul. She joins me now live.

Anna, first, let's talk about this tragic shooting today in that remote area of Afghanistan. Why were these female journalists attacked?

ANNA COREN, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Yeah, Kristie, we don't know why these two women were shot. We don't know if it's because if they're westerners, if they're women or whether it's because they were journalists. What we do know is that Anya Niedringhaus, a 48 year old award-winning German photographer was killed instantly. She was alongside her colleague Kathy Gannon, a 60 year old veteran journalist. Both these women had covered Afghanistan extensively over the past, you know, three decades.

So they were in a convoy sitting in the back of their own personal car, though they had been traveling with the independent election commission in Khost province, which is in eastern Afghanistan on the border with Pakistan. It is a very inhospitable part of the country.

They were approaching a heavily guarded compound. And a police officer walked up towards the back of the car. He said "allah akbar (ph)," which is "god is great," and then opened fire with his AK47, spraying the back of the car, which is where these two women were sitting, with bullets.

Anya was killed instantly, Kathy suffered serious injuries. She is now in hospital. And according to Associated Press, they are -- she is now recovering.

Associated Press says both these women had worked with them for such a long time that they are heartbroken at the loss of Anya.

But certainly the Taliban, as we know Kristie, has said from the outset that it is going to do everything in its power to disrupt these elections, which take place tomorrow. The polls open here in Afghanistan at 7:00 am and that they would also punish anyone involved in these elections. There have been a high series -- high -- a number of attacks -- high profile attacks, I should say, over the past few weeks. Obviously we remember that devastating attack on the luxurious Sarina (ph) hotel in which a prominent Afghan journalist was gunned down along with most of his young family.

It's journalists that are being targeted, but it's also local Afghans. And, you know, despite this violence, despite the threats of violence from the Taliban, you know the people that we've spoken to, Kristie, over the past few weeks have said that if anything these attacks just make them more defiant, more determined to go to the polling stations and cast their vote. This is an historic moment for Afghanistan.

This will be the transfer -- democratic transfer of power for the first time in this country's history. And what these people want is a peaceful, secure future. And they are hoping that the next president is able to deliver that, Kristie.

LU STOUT: You know, it is very, very heartening to hear that despite today's attack and all the other high profile attacks that have taken place in Afghanistan, that the voters you've talked to, the potential voters say that they will go to the polls, they will go to the ballot box this weekend.

How safe and secure will it be for them?

OK, unfortunately it seems like we just lost that connection there with Anna Coren. Anna Coren reporting live there from Kabul with the very latest on that brutal attack earlier today. And of course the upcoming provincial and presidential elections in Afghanistan.

Let's move over here, welcome back Twitter and its Turkish language equivalent, they're trending on Twitter in Turkey right now after Turkey's constitutional court ordered a ban on the site be lifted.

Now Twitter was blocked some two weeks ago by the Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan's government in the lead-up to local elections. And still, some users inside the country they were able to get around that ban. Many saw it as an attempt by Mr. Erdogan to silence his critics amid a corruption scandal after leaked online recordings of senior officials caused a stir.

Now a Turkish court ruled that the ban violated the right to free expression and demanded access be restored.

YouTube, however, remains offline. It was blocked one week after Twitter.

Now the world is preparing to mark a grim anniversary this Monday. And after the break, we take a look back at one of the most horrific acts of mass violence in history and how Rwanda is rebuilding.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

LU STOUT: Coming to you live from Hong Kong, you're back watching News Stream.

Now it has been 20 years since one of the darkest chapters in Africa's history -- the Rwanda genocide that began on April 7 of 1994. Some 800,000 people were slaughtered over a period of three months, most are from the Tutsi ethnic group.

Now the world's response set a precedent for future mass atrocities. And the notion of the responsibility to protect gained traction in international law after the Rwanda experience.

The international criminal tribunal for Rwanda also ruled for the first time that rape during warfare is a crime of genocide.

Now the mass rape of Tutsi women was one of the horrors of the Rwanda genocide. Nima Elbagir spoke to one woman who became pregnant amid the violence of war. And a warning, parts of this story are hard to watch.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

NIMA ELBAGIR, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: In the distance, you can just make out two men lashing out. Their victims lie prone. On his knees, one man appears to pray, perhaps for mercy, but none comes. He's struck to the ground and lies unmoving.

Nearly twenty years on and this footage is still incredibly hard to watch.

It was filmed during the 100 days of the Rwandan genocide. And as the 20th anniversary of the genocide approaches, Rwandans are preparing themselves to commemorate the horror that unfolded in April 1994.

But for many, the memories are never far away.

Mary Gene (ph) was only 16 when the violence began.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): Whenever it's nearing every year, my heart stops changing. Not feeling very well.

ELBAGIR: She says she was only 16 when she was raped.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): I never know who the father of my child is, because whoever would get me would never go without raping me.

ELBAGIR: Even 20 years on, Mary Gene (ph) and her daughter Kirazi (ph) ask us not to show their faces.

Dealing with the reality of what happened remains a struggle.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): I feel bad (inaudible) in my heart, especially in April.

ELBAGIR: At the end of the 100 days of the Rwandan genocide, hundreds of thousands of Tutsis and moderate Hutus had been slaughtered by the Hutu majority and hundreds of thousands of women raped.

At the headquarters of the Association of Women Genocide Survivors in the Rwandan capital Kegala, women line up every day to receive anti- retrovirals, ARZs, to manage their HIV/AIDS. The medications help stave off the worst of the disease for now.

Many of these survivors have similar stories to Mari Gene (ph), passed from attacker to attacker, they contracted the AIDS virus. For them, this is the legacy of the genocide, a legacy Mary Gene (ph) shares. And as she measures out her daily dose of ARVs, she tells us she believes the rape was a death sentence enacted by her attackers.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): They're (inaudible) in Kegala and Romagana (ph) who very well knew that they were HIV positive and they deliberately raped people to infect them.

ELBAGIR: The Rwandan government has said the 20th anniversary of the genocide is an opportunity to unite in forgiveness, but for Mari Gene's (ph) daughter Kirazi (ph), that will be hard.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): It's painful. It hurts me. I always ask myself and I lose all my courage. I ask myself why I existed and ask myself why it happened.

ELBAGIR: For Mari Gene (ph) every anniversary is difficult.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): I forgive them, because I'm asked by the government to forgive, but the pain is still there.

ELBAGIR: It will be another day, she says, when she is reminded of what they've lived through and what they are still struggling to overcome.

Nima Elbagir, CNN.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

LU STOUT: Now the struggle to heal the pain and to forgive, those who committed atrocities presented perhaps one of the biggest challenges after the genocide. Over $1 billion was spent trying and convicting just 70 individuals in an international tribunal. But Rwanda's President Paul Kagame chose an official policy of reconciliation as a way to move his country forward.

Now CNN's chief international correspondent Christiane Amanpour asked Rwanda's justice minister why Rwanda decided to go down that path rather than bringing all perpetrators to justice.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

BUSINGYE JOHNSTON, RWANDAN MINISTER FOR JUSTICE & ATTORNEY GENERAL: if you wanted to have justice where a tooth -- an eye would go for an eye, you would suddenly have to remove very many people's eyes.

So what we thought that was good for our society was also to heal a broken society and try to pick up from where we were, try to build a society.

So the reason why President Kagame and the rest of the leadership of this country decided that justice was going to be based on reconciliation was because, at the end of the justice system, at the end of the handling of all these genocide cases, we needed to build a nation.

We needed a nation that would move; we needed a people in Rwanda that would work together and coexist and continue living side by side in our countryside.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

LU STOUT: Now since the genocide in 1994, Rwanda has undergone a huge transformation. Many people have been lifted out of poverty and the country now enjoys an 8 percent annual growth rate as well as improved life expectancy, education and health care.

But though the world can learn a lot from the atrocities, the country is still very much trying to heal its deep, deep wounds.

You're watching News Stream. And still ahead on the program, the underwater hunt for Flight 370 begins. We'll take you live to Perth, Australia where the search is being coordinated.

And in the United States, officials are trying to piece together what sparked Wednesday's shooting at Fort Hood. We're learning more about the man authorities say is responsible for the rampage.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

LU STOUT: I'm Kristie Lu Stout in Hong Kong. You're watching News Stream and these are your world headlines.

Now the hunt for the missing Malaysia Airlines plane has gone underwater. Australian and British vessels have started the search for the black boxes from Flight 370. Now special detectors called pinger locators are designed to hear any faint pings from the plane's flight recorders.

Michael Schumacher's spokeswoman says that he is showing moments of consciousness and awakening. Now the Formula One racing legend has been in a medically induced coma since a skiing accident back in December. And he's still being treated as a hospital in Grenoble, France where his accident took place.

Now the keenly awaited U.S. jobs report has just been released. And the U.S. economy added 192,000 jobs in March, that is less than the 213,000 new jobs that economists had expected. We'll have much more on the jobs report in World Business Today in about half an hour from now.

Now let's get more on the search for missing flight 370. CNN's Paula Newton is standing by in Perth, Australia. She joins me live. And Paula, the search has now been under water looking for those black boxes. And hope is increasing among the families of those on board the plane that there may be a breakthrough. You've spoken to some of the families, what are they sharing with you?

PAULA NEWTON, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Well, specifically I spoke to Danica Weeks now. She is the wife of Paul Weeks, he is missing from the flight. But in a strange bit of coincidence, Kristie, she is just 10 minutes from this airbase. I mean, he was from Perth, Australia. He was off to do work in Mongolia and he ended up on that flight.

She had a briefing that Danica Weeks had a briefing from chief Angus Houston, he's the head of the investigation and the search here in Australia. She was looking for two hours this afternoon. And Kristie, she is saying that in fact she believes that if the plane is where they believe it is, that this team will find something.

At the same time, though, Kristie as you can imagine she's dealing with so much. Take a listen.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

DANICA WEEKS, WIFE OF PASSENGER, PAUL WEEKS: I have a slight hope, you know, and sometimes I catch myself you know seeing the excitement of him coming home. And I have to get rid of that out of my brain quickly, because I can't let myself go to that level of excitement, because it would only -- it's only going to make me crash further when I find out the real truth, which we're all expecting will be that the plane has crashed.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

NEWTON: She's dealing with so much there. And echoing probably a lot of the roller coaster emotions of that the family members are going through.

But I was struck by how much better she said she feels now as compared to the few days after the accident happened. She feels a lot of confidence in the teams on the ground here -- Kristie.

LU STOUT: Family members, they are desperate for answers. They are hopeful for answers. The underwater search, it begins today. It will continue throughout the night, the search for the black boxes. Can you tell us more how they were able to sort of narrow down the area to search?

NEWTON: Well, Chief Angus Houston, we went to a press conference with him today. He said that they took those ping locations from that Inmarsat data. If everyone remembers from that southern arc. And they looked at the most likely place that that plane would have come down. And they've narrowed that to an area that's about 240 kilometers this morning at 11:00 am local time. So they've been going at it for many hours right now.

They had that Ocean Shield with a toad ping locator and they're sweeping the ocean floor right now listening for the sounds of those black boxes.

You know, I spoke with Captain Mark Matthew, whose leading the team that's doing that right now and he was very blunt, Kristie. I mean, he characterized it as a shot in the dark. On the other hand, it does give people some hope that at least in this investigation they're able to get to another phase of it and that perhaps with some luck they'll find something beneath the surface.

LU STOUT: An underwater search is underway. There is also the search for debris above the ocean waves. That's suspended because it is night time.

But earlier today, what kind of progress was made?

NEWTON: Well, the progress was that you had the HMS Echo and the Ocean Shield with that toad ping locator both in this narrowed zone. It was a good day today for all the other searching going on out there as well. You're talking about 14 aircraft, 11 ships. And now we also know that there are about a dozen helicopters out there as well. Unfortunately nothing new so far.

But Chief Houston has told us, look, this is a process of elimination. We're going to continue to really comb this area and they are hoping that now that they have so many techniques and tools at their disposal. They continue to look at satellite imagery, but they'll come up with something soon -- Kristie.

LU STOUT: That right. It is a process of elimination even though no debris was picked up today, at least they can narrow down the field of the search zone. Paula Newton joining me live from Perth, thank you so much for that.

Now searchers, investigators and authorities they still have few answers about the fate of flight 370. And as Nic Robertson reports, the burden of not knowing is weighing heavily on the families of those on board.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

NIC ROBERTSON, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Prayers in remembrance before many are ready to believe they are needed. In one of Kuala Lumpur's elite boarding schools, 800 students and their masters, together, in support of alumni struggling with the loss of loved ones aboard Flight 370.

DR. ZAINUDDIN MOHAMMED WAZIR, SCHOOL ALUMNI PRESIDENT: For the family I think it will probably take some time for them to probably accept it and along the way probably we want to be together with them and make them feel as comfortable as possible.

ROBERTSON: Arai Izet (ph), his wife a passenger aboard the plane, came to the prayers seeking spiritual solace.

Sir, I just want to say our thoughts are with you, our thoughts are with you.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Thank you.

ROBERTSON: His son at his side, both bereft, the burden of not knowing taking its toll. He preferred prayers over a government briefing for families held at the same time.

Across town, as that closed door government briefing ended, there was frustration. Relatives telling CNN it was a waste of time. Officials, they said, could not even say if 370 had crashed. One among many complaints.

SELAMAT OMAR, FATHER OF FLIGHT ENGINEER (through translator): They said the plane went to the South China Sea and now it is at the Indian Ocean and then after the Indian Ocean where next?

ROBERTSON: It's the second time this school has organized such prayers. There will be many more across this country. The grieving here is far from done.

In the absence of certainty, prayers the only hope.

WAZIR: I am praying that our family is good, but still at the same time we are aware with the information that we get we may not be able to see them again.

ROBERTSON: A pain few here are ready to bear.

Nic Robertson, CNN, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

LU STOUT: And as the search continues, time is of the essence to locate the plane's black boxes. Now batteries powering the pingers on the flight data recorders could run out any day now. Now CNN.com has a guide to these crucial devices and how they work.

Now the mass shooting at Fort Hood, Texas has rekindled debate over psychological evaluation in the U.S. military. And while the exact motive is not yet known, Ivan Lopez had a history of depression and anxiety.

Now the army specialist also was being evaluated for possible post- traumatic stress disorder. But the army's top officer says it is very difficult to weed out potential problems.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

GEN. RAY ODIERNO, U.S. ARMY CHIEF OF STAFF: We do quite significant screening today, but it doesn't mean it's right and it doesn't mean we can't improve it. We have to constantly evaluate this. This is something that we're going to have to deal with for a very long period of time. And that's the consequence of 13 years of war.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

LU STOUT: This week's shooting came five years after the 2009 massacre at Fort Hood. That attack prompted changes in security at U.S. military bases. But as Ed Lavandera tells us, there is no sure method to prevent tragedy from striking again.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

ED LAVANDERA, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): For more than a decade, Fort Hood has carried the burden and anguish of wars on the other side of the world, but the violence of the battlefield has, once again, struck at home.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Shock and horror all over again.

LAVANDERA: Retired Colonel Kathy Platoni knows it all too well. In November 2009, she was at Fort Hood when Major Nidal Hassan unleashed a savage attack. Five of the 13 soldiers killed that day were part of her unit.

LT. COL. KATHY PLATONI, U.S. ARMY (RETIRED): I felt rage inside of me and tremendous sorrow and grief. It was surreal. How could this happen, again?

LAVANDERA: After the 2009 Fort Hood shooting, the Department of Defense issued a report calling for better emergency response and improving information sharing between military and government investigators.

JOHN MCHUGH, ARMY SECRETARY: We saw some of the benefits and gains made out of that Fort Hood, first Fort Hood experience. But something happened, something went wrong, and we need to know what that was and if we failed in some way against our current policies, we need to be honest with ourselves and with you and hold ourselves accountable.

LAVANDERA: After the Fort Hood shooting in 2009, the military's report said one of the biggest problems was the ability to identify internal threats that there's, quote, "insufficient knowledge" and awareness of the factors required to help identify and address individuals likely to commit violence. But the same problem exists today.

In 2011, 22-year-old Army Private Jason Abdo was arrested and charged with trying to detonate a bomb in a restaurant popular with Fort Hood soldiers. Platoni says the military needs more seasoned mental health professionals.

PLATONI: I think it's still a struggle for the military. We just don't have enough people to take care of the problem.

LAVANDERA (on camera): After more than a decade of war, mental health issues plagued the U.S. military. Here at Fort Hood alone in the last six years, 85 soldiers have committed suicide.

(voice-over): Fort Hood soldiers are often warned to avoid speaking with the news media, but one soldier did speak with CNN who described the stressful life at Fort Hood as a black hole.

UNIDENTIFIED SOLDIER: It can be miserable and, you know, we have a lot of people in behavioral health and nobody really understands how bad somebody's mental stability is or, you know, how hard it is to keep your sanity here being at Fort Hood.

LAVANDERA: Ed Lavandera, CNN, Fort Hood, Texas.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

LU STOUT: You're watching News Stream. And coming up next, after this week's deadly earthquake, residents are picking up the pieces in Chile, but many are too fearful to return home.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

LU STOUT: Welcome back.

Now the United States is denying it tried to overthrow the Cuban government by using a Twitter-like service. Washington acknowledged the existence of the program, but said the purpose of the Zunzunao project was to create a platform to help Cubans communicate with one another.

Now the program came to light after an Associated Press report said the app was a ploy to develop social unrest in an attempt to recreate the Twitter empowered protests that fueled the Arab Spring.

U.S. officials say that is not the case.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

JAY CARNEY, CNN WHITE HOUSE SPOKESMAN: Congress funds democracy programming for Cuba to help empower Cubans to access more information and to strengthen civil society. These appropriations are public, unlike covert action. In implementing programs in non-permissive environments, of course the government has taken steps to be discrete, that's how you protect the practitioners and the public this is not unique to Cuba.

MARIE HARF, U.S. STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESWOMAN: There was nothing classified or covert about this program. Discrete does not equal covert. Having worked for almost six year at the CIA and now here, I know the difference.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

LU STOUT: Now Chile sits in the Ring of Fire region prone to earthquakes, but Tuesday's 8.2 magnitude quake and dozens of powerful aftershocks have left many people there unnerved. Some are afraid to return to their homes. Shasta Darlington has that.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

SHASTA DARLINGTON, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: They've pitched tents all along the ridge that surrounds the Chilean mining city of Iquique. Hundreds of families who fled after the massive 8.2 earthquake last Tuesday fearing a tsunami. Now, they refused to go home.

"Our houses were damaged, but we're also scared," says one woman.

Most of the families here live close to the water or in high buildings. But more than anything else, they say they're afraid the big one is yet to come.

"Everything is still shaking, sometimes five or six times a day," says another woman.

Lilliana (ph), nine month's pregnant says she feels safer here than in her own home.

But they desperately need drinking water and portable toilets.

You can't blame them for not wanting to leave. There have been more than 140 aftershocks.

We were in the city of Arica when one of the strongest hit on Wednesday night. Sirens sounded and the tsunami warning went into effect.

So there's been a 7.8 aftershock. And we've seen the evacuation procedure put into place here in Arica. We've had to walk up the hill. We've been ordered up here. You can see people are already gathering. They're out with their radios just trying to get to higher ground, someplace safe.

It's that kind of preparedness that helped save lives this week. Only six people died, four of them from heart attacks.

Damages were limited to the coastal region, however. Further inland, landslides buried highways and completely isolated mountain towns. But while services have largely been restored in other cities, water and power are still in short supply in Iquique and nobody in this tent city can tell us where they think they'll be able to go home.

Shasta Darlington, CNN, Iquique, Chile.

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LU STOUT: All right, let's get an update on the quake zone as well as the number of aftershocks that have hit since that huge earthquake earlier this week.

Mari Ramos is standing by at the world weather center for that -- Mari.

MARI RAMOS, CNN WEATHER CORRESPONDENT: Hey, Kristie, yeah, amazing pictures there in that report from Shasta really surprisingly so many people still outside scared to go home because of the aftershocks.

I wanted to show you this. And I know -- I've talked to you about this before about how when you have such a large quake, in particular -- this one was over 8.0, remember, and then we had that very large aftershock 7.8 -- we are going to expect aftershocks across this area not just for the next couple of days after the quake happens, but all -- and the weeks, months and even years to come. You can really see aftershocks associated with such a strong quake.

The original quake in this particular case around 8.0, right. Well, you would expect at least one quake to be in the 7.0 range as you see here, 10 quakes to be in the 6.0 range. So those are still some pretty strong earthquakes, things that people have to contend with. And there have been hundreds, already, in the 4.0 and 5.0 range, definitely sensible to people that are standing outside and that are very sensitive right now to what's happening across this area.

so this is just something to keep in mind. And it's unfortunately going to go on for quite a long time.

The other thing, we've seen so many people outside. I do want to talk to you about the weather in this part of the world. We are headed now into the autumn, into the colder time of the year. Right now 20 degrees, that's actually not too bad. Winds are light out of the south. This is not an area that gets a significant rainfall of any kind and we're not expecting any for the next three days.

Conditions expected to remain dry.

I'm concerned in the overnight hours, because the temperature can get pretty chilly, easily closer to 9, 10 degrees in the overnight hours. And for people that are exposed to the elements, I think that will be definitely a concern and a humanitarian need there, because they're going to need to be able to stay warm through those overnight hours. And of course they heard they need toilets and water.

Let's go ahead and move to North America, here across the U.S. very strong storms that have been moving across the region, anywhere from Texas all the way up through the Great Lakes region. There have been several reports of tornadoes, including this one. Take a look, this is near St. Louis. There were some reports of damage. And you can see it coming in there at night.

Pretty scary stuff, right, you can see the thunder, the lightning and people -- sirens were going off and people did take shelter. There are no reports of injuries, fortunately.

But it's not over yet. It might be over for St. Louis, but if you come back over to the weather map I'll show you over here. It's a line of strong storms moving right along that area. And that right there I believe is a tornado warning effective right now in the U.S. state of Tennessee. So definitely a lot going on, not quite over yet. You can see the difference in temperatures from one side to the other. That's the battleground between those two air masses.

And again, what we are going to be expecting the severe weather across this region. Large hail, strong winds, possibility of tornadoes still a concern.

Take you to the other side of the world, we spin the globe. Look at this, one, two, three storms in a row right over here. I want to start with the middle one right there, because this one has been causing some serious problems along the Solomon Islands. It's been sitting here for the last three days. And the rain has been very, very heavy across this area.

Here's the satellite estimated rainfall and you can see easily the white is over 250 millimeters of rain or more. So we're really talking about a serious situation.

Some images just coming in, Kristie. This one from the AFP and World Vision. You can see the damage.

They are reporting at least three people dead. Unfortunately that death toll is expected to rise because they have still about 30 people missing.

It's night time there right now, but you can see all of this heavy rainfall. They say about 10,000 people have been left homeless in this one area alone. And this is the capital, so more information coming out of here than some of those other areas. So definitely a story we will continue to monitor right here with this system affecting the Solomon Islands.

Back to you.

LU STOUT: All right, good to hear, Mari Ramos there. Thank you.

Now one of Saturn's small moons has a secret. Scientists say Enceladus has liquid water. And this illustration, it shows you where it's hiding. Now an underground ocean is believed to be buried under some 40 kilometers of ice. And that means Enceladus could be capable of supporting life. And researchers hope a future mission to Saturn will send more advanced tools to detect organic molecules, perhaps focusing on this area here.

Now, David Letterman signed off his show on Thursday night as usual, but with one big twist. I'll tell you what had his audience on their feet next.

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LU STOUT: Now he is the longest running late-night TV host in the United States, known for his signature mix of sarcasm and just plain strangeness, but David Letterman he dropped a bombshell on his audience on Thursday. The comedian says he's calling it quits.

Nischelle Turner has more.

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DAVID LETTERMAN, TALK SHOW HOST: It's been great. You've been great. The network has been great, but I'm retiring.

PAUL SHAFFER, CO-HOST: This is -- really?

LETTERMAN: Yes.

SHAFFER: This is -- this is -- you actually did this?

LETTERMAN: Yes, I did.

NISCHELLE TURNER, CNN CORRESPONDENT: The latest late night shakeup. David Letterman, late night television's longest running host surprised his audience Thursday night by announcing he's signing off next year. After 33 years, the 66-year-old host is retiring when his contract expires in 2015.

LETTERMAN: Thank you. Thanks to everybody.

TURNER: The surprise announcement comes less than two months after his new top rated competitor, Jimmy Fallon, took the reins of NBC's "Tonight" show, at times nearly doubling the late night veteran in ratings.

JIMMY FALLON, TALK SHOW HOST: I'm Jimmy Fallon and I'll be your host for now.

BRIAN STELTER, CNN SENIOR MEDIA CORRESPONDENT: Letterman still had an impressive audience every night at CBS. But he wasn't creating lots of new fans all the time the way that somebody like Jimmy Fallon is.

LETTERMAN: Portions of Indiana at one time yesterday were under a flash flood watch.

TURNER: Letterman started off as a weather man in Indianapolis. He launched "Late Night with David Letterman" on NBC in 1982 following "The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson" -- Letterman's idol.

Always the heir apparent for when Carson retired, Letterman was stunned when NBC instead chose Jay Leno, sparking a rivalry that spanned more than two decades.

BILL CARTER, REPORTER, "THE NEW YORK TIMES": They never told Dave that they had made this deal with Jay. And it was a huge blowup because Letterman had felt like they stabbed him in the back.

TURNER: Letterman's heated departure from NBC led to the creation of "The Late Show" on CBS in 1993 taking Leno head on.

LETTERMAN: How are things at the White House, OK?

TURNER: For 21 years he's been hosting stupid humans, pet tricks, singers, and some of the biggest stars.

LETTERMAN: You thought I was an --

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: An (EXPLETIVE DELETED).

TURNER: And delivering his signature top ten list.

LETTERMAN: Look at, it's the top ten list, let's go.

TURNER: But it hasn't been all jokes. He took us through life- changing heart surgery in 2000. His first show after the 9/11 attacks serving as a key moment to help Americans move forward.

LETTERMAN: If you didn't believe it before, you can absolutely believe it now. New York City is the greatest city in the world.

TURNER: Through all the ups and downs, Letterman continued to do what he loved, his run behind the desk eclipsing Johnny Carson's 30-year rein on late night -- truly an end of an era.

LETTERMAN: I said when this show stops being fun, I will retire ten years later.

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LU STUOT: Now speculation has already started about who might fill Letterman's seat. Some think it may be the Scottish born Craig Ferguson who currently hosts the Late Late Show after letterman. Now there's a mention Comedy Central's Stephen Colbert, but there's also the chance that new ground could be broken if CBS chooses a woman instead.

There has never been a female host on a U.S. network late-night show.

Now I want to mention one last thing before we go, the CEO of Mozilla has stepped down after growing outrage over his support of an anti-same sex marriage initiative. Now Brenan Eich's resignation, it comes just 10 days after he took the reins at the company behind the Firefox browser.

In 2008, Eich donated $1,000 to California's proposition 8 campaign. The ballot initiative, aimed at banning same-sex marriage in the state. Eich's recent appointment to CEO sparked a new wave of anger from some in the gay community as well as Mozilla employees and Firefox users.

Eich made the decision to resign from the company he co-founded.

And that is News Stream. World Business Today is next.

END