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Pope Francis Arrives in Philadelphia; Pope Francis Holds Mass in Philadelphia. Aired 10-11a ET

Aired September 26, 2015 - 10:00   ET

THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.

[10:00:00] ANDERSON COOPER, CNN ANCHOR: Pope Francis now here for the final and biggest leg of historic U.S. tour. The city of brotherly love is opening its arms wide to embrace him.

CHRISTIANE AMANPOUR, CNN ANCHOR: And there, we have live pictures. We see the Pope, as he always does, gets out and meets people. They are at the barricade at the welcoming ceremony at the airport. This, obviously, is the city of the founding fathers of America and America's founding freedoms, including the freedom to worship or not. And on these streets, people have been lined up for hours as they hope to get a glimpse of him as he moves from the airport here to this city. And the pontiff makes his way to the Cathedral Basilica of St. Peter and Paul for a morning mass.

COOPER: That's right. You're seeing on the left-hand side of your screen some various shots of people waiting in Philadelphia. On the right-hand side you're seeing moments ago the Pope stepping into his Fiat. What's very interesting, though, is that he was actually driving away from the airport. He spotted somebody in the crowd who he wanted to go and have a moment with. So let's watch that moment as it occurred.

I guess that was the moment. He saw somebody in the crowd, went to stop. We are here with Delia Gallagher here, our Vatican correspondent, as well.

DELIA GALLAGHER, CNN VATICAN CORRESPONDENT: He had just gotten down from the plane. He was in his small Fiat. They were ready to go. And he was going. There are always a few people at the airport that are allowed in, very few. He saw a child in a wheelchair and he put his hand out of the car and said, stop. And this is great, because when we were staying in New York, you remember that he didn't have much leeway to get out of the car and get out of his Pope Mobile. So it's wonderful to be able to see that.

COOPER: And now you're looking live pictures of the Pope heading towards the basilica where he is going to conduct a mass. It's actually a very tight schedule for him. He is heading really directly from the airport to the basilica. There will be a mass of roughly two hours or so. And from there he is going to head to get some rest for a little while, well-deserved. And Delia, why don't you explain a little bit about what's going to happen throughout the day?

GALLAGHER: One of the interesting things about where he is going, you remember in Washington and New York he was staying at the Apostolic Nunciature, the place where he is staying at the oldest seminary in the you states and has the distinction of having received as visitors Popes since Pius the XII, but before they were popes. Cardinal Pachilli visited here and did subsequent popes and Mother Teresa. So they have all been guests at the place where the Pope will be staying. Of course afterwards, he will go to Independence Hall to give an address on immigration, on religious liberty, and then come here behind us where they are setting up preparations.

AMANPOUR: And as we welcome of course our viewers in the United States and around the world, we might say that what we can hear, already, they are preparing the P.A. system, the huge Jumbotrons for what will be a huge festival and a can concert later this evening. So we might be hearing that for the rest of the --

COOPER: We're also joined by Father Edward Beck. I have never seen a city in such lockdown as it is right now. And as we saw the Pope's motorcade heading towards the basilica, you don't see a lot of people on either side of the road. And I'm wondering if people have been in some way scared away. It is confusing trying to figure out what roads are closed, how you get from one location to another.

GALLAGHER: I think in the build-up, it has been that they have said -- Mayor Nutter said before the event began, be prepared to walk miles and miles. And I think people were scared because of that. There was a small piece about some business owners.

COOPER: Here are people waiting outside the basilica, obviously, incredible excitement there. Our Carol Costello is down in that area, I believe. Let's just check in with her. Carol, I imagine people have been gathering there from early this morning.

CAROL COSTELLO, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Yes, and I'm here with the Garrett family. They have been here since about 7:30 this morning on Benjamin Franklin Parkway. And the Pope's motorcade isn't supposed to pass by here until much later tonight. But the Garrett family, as I said, has been here since what, 7:30. You can see there are lots of members of the Garret family. There is a Jumbotron set up over there where they can watch what's going on early. They watched the Pope get off his plane and get into his Fiat and to park in the airport. When the Pope starts speaking anywhere he is he will be shown on the Jumbotron.

But I want to ask you, oldest daughter, this is a world family event. This was set up by the Vatican. Why did you guys decide to come today?

[10:05:03] UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: We are very strong Catholics. And we were so excited when we found out he was coming to Philadelphia about two years ago. So we wanted to be here as early as we could.

COSTELLO: So what is it about Pope Francis that intrigues you?

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I think the thing about him that is so interesting and awesome is that he is so simple. So he encourages us all, like rich and poor and everyone, to just be together as brothers and sisters. COSTELLO: You know, we always talk about on the news about his

politics and climate change and maybe he is a socialist. Does any of that matter to you?

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I think his main goal is to get us all together and happy as one big happy family. And so that's awesome.

COSTELLO: I'll talk to dad here. So what is it about Pope Francis? We always talk about him in a political sense because in the United States we talk about everything in a political sense. But does that really matter to the faithful?

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I really think so. Though he is a world leader, he has a lot of influence. There are 1 billion some Catholics in the world. He is our shepherd. So he's not just only a theological force, he's also a political force in the world. He uses that really well, but he keeps the faith and our love for God at the forefront while he teaches us.

COSTELLO: There is a lot of hate speech these days. And the Pope doesn't talk about that. He talks about love. Is that sort of refreshing to you?

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Yes. He is very hopeful. I am from Mexico. I married an American guy. And I understand his words pretty good because I'm Spanish. And I think that's his major message, all of us together, you know, in a simple way.

COSTELLO: Thank you very much.

So as you can see, people are very excited to see the Pope. And he has touched them in some special way and in a deep way, Anderson and Christiane. That's what really matters today. By the way, there will be a big concert hosted by Mark Walberg and it's going to take place on the stage directly to my left. There will be Aretha Franklin performing and the Pope will be here for some of those festivities.

AMANPOUR: Exactly. As we look at you with the family there, we are also looking to the other side of our screen at the inside of the basilica of Saints Peter and Paul. And you can see people already in there. Particularly there's the choir, a lot of the clergy dressed up, the religious folk in there. And the parishioner are waiting to greet the Pope when he comes. Rosa Flores was on the plane traveling with him. Rosa?

ROSA FLORES, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Hi, Christiane. Yes, he landed moments ago. And now I am actually in a bus with journalists who were arriving at the Basilica of St. Peter and Paul. And I'm on the move. Excuse me if I'm moving a little bit. But it was a very short flight. And a lot of you were probably wondering about how Pope Francis was doing after stumbling on the steps several times. I asked. I didn't get an answer as to what happened. But we did see him get off the plane and continue walking. So it appears that he is fine, but I will continue to ask and see if I get any further explanation as to how Pope Francis is doing and if it is just because he is a little tired or if it is anything else, for sure. But I will continue gathering information Christiane to see what they know.

COOPER: Yes, as much as possible this morning we really want to bring you the sights and remarkable sounds of this visit. Let's listen in to the children's choir outside the basilica.

(SINGING)

COOPER: As we await the arrival of Pope Francis I do want to bring in Father Edward Beck and our Vatican correspondent Delia Gallagher. Father Beck, just in terms of this mass, it's going to be a pretty straightforward Catholic mass.

FATHER EDWARD BECK, CNN RELIGIOUS COMMENTATOR: What's different, Anderson, is just like in every other city, this mass is just for bishops, priests, and religious men and women. So Pope Francis has compared the church to a field hospital. If you will, he is now speaking to his doctors and nurses. And so he wants to charge them with the mission.

[10:10:04] Note if he bring up religious women once again. Remember now, religious women in this country as a result of the Vatican were not happy. And in some way, they were being critiqued by the Vatican. Under Pope Benedict, there was an investigation. This Pope short- circuited the investigation, ended it, met with religious women at the Vatican, told them how loved they are. Every stop when he has spoken he has singled out religious women for the work you do, how important you are. Let's see if he does it again at this mass to religious men and women.

COOPER: One of the things the Pope has said in the past is that he wants pastors to be like shepherds who smell of the flock, who smell of sheep. I love that imagery and that line. He wants them to be out where the people are.

BECK: And he has been most challenging to them about that, much more challenging than he is to the ordinary faithful. His religious men and women, his nurses and doctors, get out there and heal people.

AMANPOUR: You have mentioned women, and of course so many of the nuns and other religion women have been thrilled to see him. But there are equally many, many women in the Catholic faith who would like to see the route of progress opened to them and the ability to attain the highest levels of power in the Catholic Church. And he has basically to this point said no. So I think that's an ongoing theme for the family.

We are going to go to Senator Bob Casey to Pennsylvania who we are welcoming to this program. Senator, good to have you with us on this incredible day.

SEN. BOB CASEY, D-PENNSYLVANIA: Thank you very much. It is great to be in Pennsylvania on a day like today. We are so honored.

AMANPOUR: And you have worked so hard to bring this here and to make it such an incredible showpiece, the end play, really, for the Pope's visit here. What do you think it means for your state, particularly at a time when actually this state and a lot of the churches down the eastern seaboard are hemorrhaging parishioners? A lot of the influx into the Catholic faith is in the west right now.

CASEY: First of all, the world meeting of families is the organization we have to commend for bringing the Pope. They did the work along with Mayor Nutter and his team and the city. But I do want to say this. We are at a time when the church is probably at a crossroads in the sense that we need to make sure that we have the affirming and positive message that Pope Francis brings. That's the best way to grow the church. And I also think because of his message and the way he delivers it he is having an impact on non-Catholics as well as Catholics. So it's a powerful, inspirational message.

AMANPOUR: Where will you be throughout this day?

CASEY: We will be at a couple of events throughout the city and two at the end of the day at 4:00 at Independence Hall, his speech on immigration, and also the festival of families that comes later in the day. But I'm just grateful to be anywhere in the city today. You can feel the enthusiasm. It is so positive and affirmative everywhere we go.

AMANPOUR: And he is going to be using the lectern that Abraham Lincoln used for the Gettysburg Address when he delivers that speech on immigration. Senator, I wonder if you can comment a little bit on some of the political exhortation he gave to leaders such as yourself, elected officials both in the Congress and in the United Nations, to try to put aside the focus on self, the focus on money, the focus on partisanship and division, and try to really remember to serve the people by whom you have been elected.

CASEY: Yes, in some ways, Christiane, the focus on what he said on a particular issue has got most of the attention. I believe, and I think most a lot of people in Congress would believe, that the message he gave to us, Democrats, Republicans, House or Senate, is you have big problems to solve. In order to solve those problems, you have got to cooperate.

And it came down to me for five words. The real challenge, to me it is a challenge to people in both parties, which is "cooperate for the common good." That's only five words. But if you had to encapsulate what he was saying, I believe that was what the message was. And I don't believe anyone in either party can escape that advice or that suggestion.

COOPER: Senator Casey, we appreciate your time this morning. Enjoy the day. There are many people here at the Basilica of Peter and Paul in Philadelphia eagerly awaiting the Pope's arrival. You see the early parts of his motorcade, the motorcycle police officers from the Philadelphia Police Department signaling very shortly the arrival of Pope Francis. If you are just joining us, we are here with Christiane Amanpour, Father Edward Beck, Delia Gallagher, our Vatican correspondent.

[10:15:05] And Father Beck, as you were saying, this is a mass for the clergy. This is a mass -- we have seen him meet with the bishops in Washington, D.C. We saw also in New York and St. Patrick's large number of clergy present at St. Patrick's Cathedral. This is important really wherever he goes around the world to really mobilize the field workers, if you will.

BECK: It really is, clergy and of course again religious women. He is in particular speaking to religious women at each of these events. And it's important because if he is going to have his mission accomplished, here we are.

COOPER: And there he is. Let's listen in as the crowds greet the pontiff.

(CHEERS)

COOPER: The Holy Father is being introduced to the former government and Mrs. Corbett. He is meeting with Pastor Father Dennis Gill there at the top of the steps and is being escorted, of course, by the archbishop. Very soon should be the blessings of the cross will take place, two seminarians with cross and holy water on both sides of the aisle. Then Father Gill and the archbishop will escort the Holy Father down the aisle while the choir sings.

AMANPOUR: Perhaps we have a moment just to reflect on the substance of the meeting of the families and what the Pope has done in the last year where he basically to every parishioner in the world, he sent out a questionnaire. And apparently, and correct me if I'm wrong, 84 percent of the parishes around the world responded. So people want to dialogue, Father Beck.

BECK: And thank God this Pope is asking for that dialogue. He really has said I want to know what you think, because it affects what we do as a church. It is not that all of the legislation comes from above and we know best. And so people feel included when he says, what do you think? And I think people will feel more included if some of those responses are actually acted upon.

GALLAGHER: What's interesting about what the Pope did is bishops get together and decide every few years what the topic will be for the synod. And there are ordinary synods and extraordinary synods. But the one we're about to have was on schedule. But the Pope, when he heard it was on the theme of the family, said let's have a meeting the year before. So that gave us a clue already that he really thought he might want to make some serious changes here because he wanted to have two meetings.

AMANPOUR: But that's where it gets interesting, because many talked about the need to discuss, for instance, what do you do with parishioners who have been divorced and remarried? What about their ability to have Holy Communion? What about the changing dynamic of the family? What about all those other issues? And it is not clear that the Pope entirely either got his way or not.

GALLAGHER: What is his way? That's the other question.

COOPER: We should also point out the Pope is now going into the vesting room. He's going to vest in private while the choir continues to sing. And then there will be a processional down the center aisle and the mass will begin in several minutes.

[10:20:04] GALLAGHER: Yes, the question for a lot of people in the Catholic Church has been, what does the Pope really want out of this? He has said himself what he wants, and that is the discussion. He wants the bishops to get together. He likes the chaos. He said to them at the beginning, don't be afraid, don't hold back, say what's on your mind. And we'll see what comes out of it at the end. If he really believes that the holy spirit works through that chaos. That is his kind of fundamental position on it.

AMANPOUR: So perhaps we should discuss this, which is what one of the Vatican analysts, you know, John Tavis, has said, that the Pope has a habit of raising expectations because he is willing to take a fresh look, as you said, Delia. But that doesn't necessarily mean change is happening. He said if change doesn't come, it will be experienced as a great disappointment. That is something we need to thinking about at this point because so many expectations have been raised.

BECK: I think that that is true. Remember when we had the last part of the synod, the first part, some language came out in that document that is very strong, and they retracted it. They had another redaction that softened it because people complained it wasn't according to church teaching. And so people said, we take two steps forward, we go back again. Will this now synod in October, finally the conclusion of it, will it actually make some concrete changes that people say, wow, something is happening in the Catholic Church that is different now?

COOPER: I should also point out it looks like the Pope is going to the vesting room. But he saw some people who he wanted to talk to, so he came back out, talked to them, and now he will be going to change.

GALLAGHER: He seems to be taking full advantage of his freedom to go and meet with people this morning.

COOPER: We are going to take a short break. We are obviously going to bring you this mass as it happens. We will take a short break. Our coverage continues in just a moment.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

AMANPOUR: Welcome back to our viewers in the United States and around the world. You are seeing a picture inside the Basilica of St. Peter and Paul. The Pope, Pope Francis, is currently vesting. He's putting on the robes he needs to wear in order to say mass and to celebrate mass there. It is a mass just for the clergy, just for the religious. It is not open to the public, as some of the others have been, particularly the massive one in Madison Square Garden last night. And here along with Anderson Cooper and Bruce Feiler and Father Beck. Anderson?

COOPER: It's just an, again, an extraordinary scene. Bruce Feiler coming off that huge mass in Madison Square Garden yesterday, this is obviously a very different one, as Christiane said. It is for members of the clergy. But that is a priority for this Pope anywhere he travels around the world. He really wants to meet, as Father Edward Beck says, he views the church as a field hospital. And so he wants to meet with those who are rolling up their sleeves and are doing the work day in and day out.

BRUCE FEILER, CNN CONTRIBUTOR: And as you have been talking here on the air as we get an advance of this service we are about to witness, he says I like a mess. He kind of likes the blood and guts, if you will, of the field hospital. He has this wonderful expression where he says, if the church is not surprising, it is not growing. And I think -- I sat next to a bishop as we were flying to Washington the other day at the start of this and he was talking about how meaningful it is to them to see him up close, because a lot of them haven't seen him up close. He hasn't been here to this country. He is not someone that they know. And so for him to go out and touch them and say, look, I'm pushing you out into the field, get out of your gilded cages, go out into the field, that's a real message that he wants to deliver.

COOPER: You know, Father Beck, it is really fascinating. And just for our viewers, just for your information, we are not going to be talking over the mass. You are going to be able to celebrate the mass and enjoy the mass along with those who are in the basilica. The Pope right now is not there. He is vesting, as Christiane said.

But Father Beck, before Pope Francis was elected, before he became Pope, he spoke very publicly and very critically in some ways about the hierarchy, the curia, the bureaucracy that runs the Vatican. He talked about airport bishops. He talked about careerism and backbiting in the Vatican. It was pretty tough talk for somebody who might have become -- it could have affected his election. And yet it didn't. He still became the Pope. And that is something that is very important to this Pope, changing the way pastors see themselves, of encouraging pastors to see themselves getting out there. How has it changed at the field level?

BECK: I think it's changed because people now, namely the doctors and nurses and clergy and religious, are following a leader who is telling them it is not about the structure. It's not about the institution. Don't be a self-referential church is the term he keeps using. Don't close in on yourselves. It's all about being mission. It's about being sent. And unless you accept that responsibility when he was speaking to the religious, he said, don't be wealthy, don't be comfortable. You have to be as poor as anybody else, even more so. And so he is constantly challenging their lifestyle, their perspective, and their comfortability.

AMANPOUR: Father, has there yet been a Francis effect. We read that actually even in the two years he has been Pope, we haven't seen an influx of priests into the church. Many of the priests, particularly here in the United States, are those who came of the tradition of Pope John Paul II, slightly more traditionalist, slightly more conservative. Do you think that this is something that's going to happen now?

BECK: It is happening in Africa and Asia and did begin there. Whether it will begin to happen in the United States to the same degree, we are really not sure. We haven't even noticed so much of an effect among the laity in the pews yet. But some of those things take a little bit of time. And people are listening to this Pope in a way they haven't listened for years. Not only Catholics. I mean, those streets are lined with people of all faith and no faith. He has made a point at every stop of saying even if you don't believe and you can't pray, please remember me. And he is so inclusive in that way that it is remarkable.

COOPER: Have you noticed a Francis effect among those who are already in the clergy?

BECK: I have. You know how I notice it. They are saying, gee, I don't know if I should go to that restaurant.

(LAUGHTER)

BECK: And we have a lot of those restaurants in there. And I know the owner of Porterhouse. I said, I don't know, Michael. I don't know if I can eat in this restaurant with what Pope Francis is saying. He says, you don't eat here. I said, OK, but nobody is going to know that. You just think, you second think stuff now in a way that you didn't because if he is driving in a Fiat. Am I going to drive in a bigger car than he is?

[10:25:02] COOPER: John Allen, the senior Vatican correspondent for CNN, was saying that he knows a guy in the motor pool in the Vatican. The fact that John Allen knows a guy in the motor pool in the Vatican I love. First of all it shows you how long he has been covering it. But he was saying that nobody wants to borrow the expensive cars anymore because the Pope is driving around in a Fiat. It doesn't seem right for somebody else to be in a BMW or something.

FEILER: But there is two dimensions to this. There is first of all the message Francis is delivering, which is embracing poverty and humility. But there is also the problem of the money in the coffers. There is a $23 million building in Philadelphia where he might have had stayed but they had to sell because they needed the money. So there is a double dimension to the cutting back of the glitz and the gilded chambers.

AMANPOUR: And basically what he is saying, if you are pastors, if you have signed up to this job, you must go back to the stories of the bible. You must go back to the humility of Christ. You can't be, and he used the word "narcissistic" to describe a lot of the top level in -

COOPER: And he is a Jesuit through and through. This goes back to his Jesuit background.

BECK: And they think about poverty as religious duty. Not all priests think about poverty. So if you are in a parish, they obviously don't take that vow.

COOPER: And let's watch the beginning now of the procession.

(SINGING) [10:40:19] POPE FRANCIS: -- the Holy Spirit. Peace be to you. Brothers and sisters, let us acknowledge our sins. We are here to celebrate the savior. I confess to a mighty God --

(CROSSTALK)

FRANCIS: May our might God have mercy on us, forgive our sins, and bring us to everlasting life.

CROWD: Amen.

(SINGING)

FRANCIS: Let us pray. God, father, mercies from your begotten son as he hung up on the cross to the Blessed Virgin Mary, his mother, to be our mother also. Grant, we pray, that the church might be more faithful day by day and exhorting in holiness and embrace all the families of the peoples. For our lord, Jesus Christ, your son, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one lord, forever and ever.

CROWD: Amen.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: A reading from the book of Genesis. "After the man, Adam, had eaten of the tree, the lord God, called to the man and asked him, where are you? He answered, I heard you in the garden but I was afraid, because I was naked, so I hid myself. Then he asked, who told you that you were naked? You have eaten then from the tree of which I had forbidden you to eat. The man replied, the woman whom you put here with me, she gave me fruit from the tree and so I ate it.

[10:00:45] The Lord God then asked the woman, why did you do such a thing? The woman answered, the serpent tricked me into it, so I ate it.

Then, the lord God said to the serpent, because you have done this, you shall be banned from all the animals and from all the wild creatures. On your belly shall you crawl and dirt shall you eat all the days of your life. I will put enmity between you and the woman and between your offspring and hers. He will strike at your head while you strike at his heels.

The man called his wife Eve because she became the mother of all the living."

(SINGING)

[10:52:15] UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The lord be with you.

CROWD: And with your spirit.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: A reading from the holy gospel according to John.

CROWD: Glory to you, oh, lord.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: "Standing by the cross of Jesus, where his mother and his mother's sister, Mary, the wife of Clopas, and Mary of Magdala. When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple there whom he loved, he said to his mother, "Woman, behold your son." Then, he said to the disciple, "Behold your mother." And from that hour, the disciple took her into his home."

FRANCIS (via translator): This morning, I learned something about the history of this beautiful cathedral, the story behind its high walls and windows. I would like to think that the history of the church in this city and state is really a story not about building walls but about breaking them down.

[10:55:06] It is a story about generation after generation of committed Catholics going out to the peripheries and building communities of worship, education, charity, and service to the larger society.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: This morning I learned something about the history of this beautiful cathedral, the story behind its high walls and windows. I would like to think, though, that the history of the church in this city and state is really a story not about building walls but about breaking them down. It is a story about generation after generation of committed Catholics going out to the peripheries and building communities of worship, education, charity, and service to the larger society.

FRANCIS, (via translator): That story is seen in the many shrines which dot this city and the many parish churches whose towers and steeples speak of God's presence in the midst of our communities. It is seen in the efforts of all those dedicated priests, religious and laity, who for over two centuries have ministered to the spiritual needs of the poor, the immigrants, the sick, and those in prison. And it is seen in the hundreds of schools where religious brothers and sisters train children to read and write, to love God and neighbor, and to contribute as good citizens to the life of American society. All of this is a great legacy which you have received and which you have been called to enrich at pass on.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: That story is seen in the many shrines which dot this city and the many parish churches whose towers and steeples speak of God's presence in the midst of our communities. It is seen in the efforts of all those dedicated priests, religious and laity, who for over two centuries have ministered to the spiritual needs of the poor, the immigrants, the sick, and those in prison. And it is seen in the hundreds of schools where religious brothers and sisters train children to read and write, to love God and neighbor, and to contribute as good citizens to the life of American society. All of this is a great legacy which you have received and which you have been called to enrich at pass on.

FRANCIS (via translator): Most of you know the story of Saint Katharine Drexel, one of the great saints raised up by this local church. When she spoke to Pope Leo XIII of the needs of the missions, the Pope, he was a very wise Pope, asked her pointedly, what about you? What are you going to do? Those words changed Katharine's life, because they reminded her that, in the end, every Christian man and woman by virtue of baptism has received a mission. Each one of us has to respond as best we can to the Lord's call to build up his body, the church.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Most of you know the story of Saint Katharine Drexel, one of the great saints raised up by this local church. When she spoke to Pope Leo XIII of the needs of the missions, the Pope, he was a very wise Pope, asked her pointedly, what about you? What are you going to do?