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Anderson Cooper 360 Degrees
Rice to Replace Powell as Secretary of State; More Than 1,000 Insurgents Reportedly Dead in Falluja
Aired November 15, 2004 - 19:00 ET
THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.
THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.
ANDERSON COOPER, HOST: Good evening from New York. I'm Anderson Cooper.
Breaking news. Tonight, the president to nomination Condoleezza Rice for secretary of state.
360 starts now.
Colin Powell is out, but is Condi Rice in? Tonight, why the secretary of state isn't sticking around, and what the change may mean for U.S. foreign policy
Mopping up in Falluja, more than 1,000 insurgents reportedly dead. But what happens now? A new tape by Zarqawi urges Iraqis to fight on.
Bin Laden and the bomb. Is al Qaeda trying to smuggle a nuclear device into the U.S. from Mexico? Would we be able to stop it if they did?
She loved him, then turned on him. But now that Scott Peterson is facing death, will Amber Frey come to his rescue?
How could it happen again? A second child in Florida subdued by a co's stun gun. Was it justified? Is it ever?
And the search for eternal youth. We spend billions to stay young. Tonight, what works and what doesn't to keep you young in bed.
ANNOUNCER: Live from the CNN Broadcast Center in New York, this is ANDERSON COOPER 360.
COOPER: And good evening again.
We begin with breaking news. CNN has learned that Condoleezza Rice will be nominated to replace Secretary of State Colin Powell, probably tomorrow.
Let's go straight to the White House, where Dana Bash has the latest.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
DANA BASH, CNN WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): The first member of the president's national security team to bow out says it was an honor to serve, but it's time to go.
COLIN POWELL, SECRETARY OF STATE: It has always been my intention I would serve one term.
BASH: The secretary of state, who officially resigned Friday, was among the first tapped four years ago. For a president coming into office with no foreign policy experience, the retired four-star general offered credibility on the world, and he put it on the line.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
POWELL: Saddam Hussein has not accounted for one teaspoonful of this deadly material.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
BASH: Most notably, to sell the Iraq War to the U.N. with information later discredited.
Some administration officials say Powell wanted to stay a few months, especially with a new post-Arafat opening in the Mideast. But just last week, the president was notably vague when asked about his future.
GEORGE W. BUSH, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: I'm proud of my secretary of state. He's done a heck of a good job.
BASH: Powell carefully told reports he never asked to stay, and sources say Mr. Bush was eager to assemble his new team.
And administration officials now say the president will tap his national security adviser, Condoleezza Rice, as his next secretary of state, and will make that formal announcement as early as Tuesday.
The secretary of state was one of four cabinet resignations announced Monday, the others, Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham, Education Secretary Rod Paige, and Agriculture Secretary Ann Venneman.
Filling key posts with loyal confidants appears to be a Bush strategy aimed at fending off problems that historically plague second-term presidents.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
BASH: And to that end, as we reported at the top of this show, Condoleezza Rice, the president's current national security adviser, will be tapped by the president tomorrow here at the White House to be his nominee for secretary of state.
And her current deputy, Stephen Hadley, will be tapped by the president to replace her as national security adviser, Anderson.
COOPER: Dana, at this point, is there any talk about what Colin Powell does next and when Condoleezza Rice takes over?
BASH: Well, Colin Powell had said in his resignation letter that he's eager and happy to go back to the private sector. That is what we do expect him to do. And also, he and other (UNINTELLIGIBLE) administration officials have made clear that he is likely to stay on through the inauguration. When that whole transition takes place all depends on the Senate and when they can confirm Condoleezza Rice.
COOPER: All right, Dana Bash, thanks for that, we're live from the White House.
We're going to talk to former presidential adviser to four presidents David Gergen a little bit later on about what all this may mean.
The president's cabinet seems to be sweeping itself clean without the benefit of a new broom. That is certainly not the case at the CIA, where a new man is in charge. And that, sources say, has more than a little to do with the resignation today of the two top officials running the agency's clandestine service.
National security correspondent David Ensor has that.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
DAVID ENSOR, CNN NATIONAL SECURITY CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): After angry exchanges with aides to the new director of Central Intelligence, Porter Goss, the top two men in the CIA's clandestine service resigned. They are Deputy Director for Operations Stephen Kappes and his number two, Michael J. Sulick. Kappes is said to be the man who convinced Libya's leader Mohamar Kadafi to give up his weapons of mass destruction.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: If these individuals didn't feel comfortable with the direction that Porter is going, they did the right thing, and they left the agency.
ENSOR: Intelligence insiders say the Bush White House has ordered Goss to purge the agency of officials who may have been behind leaks of damaging information during the presidential campaign about Iraq policy and the war on terrorism.
But Kappes and Sulick are not accused of leaking and are highly respected.
REP. JANE HARMAN (D), INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE: The direction set by this highly partisan, inexperienced management team, which Porter Goss brought over with him to the CIA, may cause the wrong people to resign in protest, and may hurt our efforts to win the war on terror.
ENSOR: All agree former congressman Goss, himself a CIA veteran, has a mandate to make changes at the agency in the wake of criticism over intelligence shortcomings before the 9/11 attacks and before the Iraq War. But some officials say Goss's closest aides want to micromanage decisions such as who should be CIA station chiefs around the world.
MICHAEL SCHEUER, FORMER CIA ANALYST: I think just from my own career experience, it's a bad thing. The deputy director of operations is in charge and ought to have the people working for him who are -- who have his confidence.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ENSOR: In a statement, director Goss said he has selected a new spymaster, a new deputy director for operations, but that the man cannot be publicly named for now because he will be leaving an undercover job, Anderson.
COOPER: So David, is it clear at this point (UNINTELLIGIBLE), I mean, exactly why they resigned? I mean, was it, were there specific issues? Or is it not clear at this point?
ENSOR: It's always very difficult to get complete clarity at the Central Intelligence Agency, at least from the outside. But I understand that there were some quite angry exchanges between these two men and the chief of staff over at the CIA for Mr. Goss. And there really were some serious personality problems between them.
He is described by some at the CIA as a rather abrasive person, Anderson.
COOPER: All right, David Ensor, thanks, from Washington.
Fight for Falluja seems to be over, but the killing there is not. The U.S. claims control of the city, but they continue to search for insurgents. Now, he fighting over the last week has been brutal, and U.S. troops have borne the brunt of it, 38 American troops have been killed in the fighting.
And tonight we bring you a developing story. We've learned that a military investigation is now under way because of an incident caught on this videotape. We're going to show you the whole tape in a moment. In it, a wounded Iraqi insurgent appears to have been shot to death at point-blank range by an American Marine.
CNN senior Pentagon correspondent Jamie McIntyre has more on this late-breaking development. Jamie?
JAMIE MCINTYRE, CNN SENIOR PENTAGON CORRESPONDENT: Well, Anderson, the killing came a day after U.S. Marines stormed a mosque where they'd been taking fire from inside. When they got inside, they discovered that they had killed 10 insurgents, wounded five others.
Now, this is the next day, last Saturday. A different Marine unit went back into the mosque in response to reports that the insurgents had returned. Gunfire can be heard as the original Marine unit along with a television reporter embedded with them arrived at the mosque. This is a few minutes later, as the gunfire is going off.
As they enter the mosque, they talk to the other Marines, they ask them what's going on inside, whether anybody's been shot, whether they had weapons. And then as they go in, they see that three of the previous day's wounded, who had been lightly wounded, are now dying, and one severely wounded man is shot in the head by a U.S. Marine at point-blank range. And we'll see the beginning of that sequence in a minute, but CNN has chosen not to show the actual killing due to the explicit nature of the video.
This is the part right here. These are some of the people who are dying. They are very severely wounded now. And as the camera shifts over, you'll just briefly see one of the Marines yell that he thinks one of the insurgents is faking being dead. And he rise -- raises his gun and fires at them.
Afterwards, one of the men who was not severely wounded, one of the insurgents, tells a TV reporter that he's among those that was captured the day before. The TV reporter recognizes him. He tells the Marine that, and the Marine responds, he didn't know. He says, I didn't know, sir, I didn't know.
Now, that Marine is now under investigation to see whether he properly followed the rules of war. If he knew that this person was unarmed and didn't pose a threat, then it would be a war crime to kill him. But it's also possible that he didn't know that these were people who had been captured the day before and thought they were fresh casualties, and might have believed that they were a threat, Anderson.
COOPER: Yes, one hates to second-guess at this point with an investigation under way. We should just point out in that video we showed you, it is not the people in the foreground, that last image that we froze on, it's actually someone laying in the back. You see them very briefly only for a split second or so.
And the shooting was not on camera. I mean, it was, but we're just not showing it.
But the people in the foreground were not the ones shot. Am I correct about that?
MCINTYRE: Absolutely correct, yes.
COOPER: All right. Thanks very much. Jamie McIntyre, appreciate it.
In addition to those killed in Falluja, something between 1,000 and 2,000 insurgents have been killed. But rebel leader Abu Musab al- Zarqawi is not among them, foreign terrorist from Jordan. He managed to slip out of the city somewhere along the line. And today an audiotape was released on which a voice, presumed to be Zarqawi's, urges remaining rebels to regroup and continue their efforts against coalition forces elsewhere.
Now, we spoke earlier with "TIME" magazine's Michael Ware, who has been through the battle for Falluja from the beginning to end.
Michael, what surprised you most about the fighting that you have witnessed firsthand the last couple days?
MICHAEL WARE, "TIME" MAGAZINE: I guess we all expected it to be a torrid fight, but the ferociousness was what really took me.
(UNINTELLIGIBLE) guerrilla stop, striking us from the front head on, from this flanks, from the behind, at the moments when you least expect it. But when it was on, it was terrible. We were fighting room to room from point-black -- blank range, six, eight, 10 feet away. It was a terrible affair.
COOPER: In some of your reporting, it sounds as if the insurgents were, perhaps, better trained than, than, than some soldiers, perhaps, had anticipated, more professional.
WARE: We knew that we were taking on the Sunni insurgency, and we were going into it daka (ph). This is the home of the corporate knowledge, the institutional knowledge, of Saddam's military. The west was the well from which he drew his senior officers and his best NCOs. This is also the congregating point, the center of being of the foreign fighters.
Now, many of these people are well-trained veterans as well. If the individual soldiers expected anything less, then they've been kidding themselves and now are rudely awakened.
COOPER: What does the battle of Falluja tell us about what comes next? What does it tell us about this insurgency?
WARE: What it tells is that the insurgency is not going away. In military, strategic terms, this was a sweeping success. Politically, there was enormous pressure for this festering sore to be cleared. Yet did it break the back of the insurgency? No, far from it.
We'll now see for the time being a more decentralized insurgency. The test will be how long it takes for them to regenerate. But they have not gone away. Perhaps we've disrupted them, perhaps we've strained their lines of communication, but we're already seeing the northern city of Mosul begin to explode. We're hearing more now coming from the northwestern city of Baquba.
I mean, this is just yet another chapter in what I suspect will be a long volume of war.
COOPER: Michael Ware, your reporting for "TIME" continues to be remarkable. Thanks for joining us. And stay safe. Good luck to you.
WARE: My great pleasure, Anderson. Thank you.
COOPER: Well, 360 next, using tasers on children. A 6- and a 12-year-old shot in Miami by police. What would you have done in their place? Find out.
Also tonight, nuclear al Qaeda? Osama bin Laden reportedly gets the green light to hit the U.S. How easy would it be for terrorists to bring nukes in from Mexico? We'll take a close look at that.
And we'll continue our coverage of breaking news out of the White House. President Bush to nominate Condoleezza Rice to secretary of state tomorrow.
All that ahead. First, let's take a look at your picks, the most popular stories on CNN.com right now.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: It's hard to understand, perhaps, why police would need to subdue a 6-year-old boy with a 50,000-volt shock from a stun gun. That is exactly what happened in Miami a few weeks ago. And as it turns out, it wasn't the first time.
CNN's Susan Candiotti reports.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
SUSAN CANDIOTTI, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Tasering a 12- year-old girl playing hooky isn't sitting well with the director of the Miami-Dade Police Department.
SGT. PETER AMORELLI: He thought that it wasn't the most appropriate use of the taser, but that's -- it needs to follow its course of review by the command staff.
CANDIOTTI: Police say the girl was zapped while running away from the officer.
SYLVANA GOMEZ, TASERED BY POLICE: They did an assault, they did an assault. Obviously they did, because I'm underage, and I haven't done nothing wrong. All I did was skip school.
CANDIOTTI: Skipping school might not be enough to taser a child, say police, one of the things they're reviewing. The same agency defends tasering a 6-year-old at school. Police say the bloodied first-grader was holding a security guard at bay with a shard of glass and wouldn't drop it.
Community activists wonder whether there was another way.
GEORGIA AYERS, COMMUNITY ACTIVIST: I certainly don't want anyone putting a taser on my child or any other child that I know of.
CANDIOTTI: The school's principal says some parents have complained about the taser, but no group meetings are planned.
Yet in rural Putman County, Florida, after middle and high schoolers were tasered five times this year for alleged violent behavior, police are teaching students about the high-voltage weapon.
DET. TIM CAMPBELL, PUTNAM COUNTY SHERIFF'S OFFICE: No side effects, no harmful aftermath. You don't have to deal with the pepper spray, the baton beatings, and stuff like that.
CANDIOTTI: Taser International says its safety tests are done on pigs. Its findings, tasers can be used safely on anyone weighing more than 60 pounds. According to his family, the first-grader in question weighs 53 pounds and vomited after being jolted. (END VIDEOTAPE)
CANDIOTTI: (audio interrupt) International says it does not issue warnings based on age or population groups and leaves it up to each police agency to set its own policies. Miami-Dade Police only restriction on using tasers, don't use them on pregnant women, Anderson.
COOPER: All right, Susan Candiotti, thanks for that.
In Las Vegas tonight, more than 40 performers from Cuba are reportedly planning the largest mass defection ever from the communist country, of performers, that is. Earlier today, they took their request for freedom to a federal courtroom.
CNN's Sean Callebs reports.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
SEAN CALLEBS, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): It's called the Havana Nightclub Review. But before the curtain came up on their scheduled three-month run at the Stardust in Las Vegas, the group's founder grabbed the spotlight, saying 44 performers, temporarily in the United States, and seven other members of this troupe, currently in Germany, want to defect.
NICOLE DUER, HAVANA NIGHTS FOUNDER: If they return to Cuba, they would not be allowed to continue their lives as artists. Instead, they would be considered dissidents and subject to harassment and severe consequences.
CALLEBS: So far, no word from Castro's government. There's no trade between communist Cuba and the U.S. However, cultural exchanges, while rare, do occur. Actor Kevin Costner lobbied to secure visas for the Cubans, and Siegfried and Roy worked to help book Havana Nighs at the Stardust.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I feel I am so proud for this moment for everybody.
CALLEBS: The performers say they didn't come here to defect, but say their hand was forced. Nicole Duer, founder, producer, and director, said she was arrested in Cuba in August, thrown out of the country, and told never to return.
DUER: It was done with, and it's still done with big sorrow, you know, because a lot of these people will not see their families for a while.
CALLEBS: The performers fully expect the Castro's government to punish family members in Cuba. And three members are planning to return to Havana. The defections could have a chilling effect on artists trapped just 90 miles from the U.S. who want to travel.
Sean Callebs, CNN, Denver.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
COOPER: Well, 360 next, nuclear al Qaeda? Could the terror network smuggle in nukes from Mexico if they had them? A new report raises some new fears. We'll take a closer look.
Also tonight, breaking news. President Bush to nominate Condoleezza Rice as secretary of state. That's going to happen tomorrow. The latest on the cabinet shakeup. David Gergen joins us live.
And a little later, Scott Peterson facing possible death. Will his former lover come to his defense? Her lawyer gives us the inside scoop.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: Well, last night, the CIA's former top expert on Osama bin Laden told "60 Minutes" that bin Laden obtained an Islamic decree, a fatwah, justifying the use of nuclear weapons on America. Now, what makes the report all the more chilling is an article in the latest "TIME" magazine saying that al Qaeda has considered using the Mexican border to smuggle nuclear material into the U.S.
Joining me from Watertown, Massachusetts, is Professor Jim Walsh, an expert on terrorism and international security at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government.
Jim, good to see you again.
Does this worry you, this report, both from "60 Minutes" and from "TIME" magazine, or do you think this is a little bit overblown?
JIM WALSH, TERRORISM EXPERT: Well, I think we have to wait before we jump to any conclusions about these particular reports. But more generally, the issue of whether bin Laden or some bin Laden 10 years from now could get nuclear materials and make an attack on the U.S., that does worry me.
There are literally tons and tons of nuclear material around the world, in the former Soviet Union and elsewhere, that are vulnerable. That's according to our own Department of Energy. And so it is a real concern, and it's something that we need to be working on.
COOPER: But, you know, Jim, just to play devil's advocate here, people have been talking about nuclear proliferation and it falling to the wrong hands for, you know, 20 years or so. It hasn't happened yet. Why?
WALSH: Fair enough. And it hasn't happened yet. But that doesn't mean it's not going to happen in the future. I think it has not happened yet in part because of the nature of the terrorist organization. A lot of terrorist organizations are organized by cells, and they, when you have a cell structure, it's hard to engage in complex activities like building a nuclear weapon.
But we've seen CNN tapes, remember, Anderson, back right after the Afghan War, in which bin Laden or al Qaeda operatives were experimenting with chemical weapon when they poisoned that dog. I'm sure you remember that videotape.
There is federal court testimony that indicates that bin Laden attempted to buy nuclear materials in the past. He got swindled, but he tried to buy them. And his, by his own statements, he says he's interested in them. And if there's one thing we've learned over these past three years, it's when he makes a statement, he usually means it.
COOPER: Well, also, I mean, he, we learned from "60 Minutes" last night, I'm going to put this on the screen, this former Michael Scheuer, a former CIA analyst, expert on bin Laden, told "60 Minutes" that bin Laden secured from a Saudi sheikh named Hamid bin Fahd (ph) a rather long treatise on the possibility of using nuclear weapons against the Americans, specifically, nuclear weapons in the treatise found that he was perfectly within his rights to use them.
So clearly, he's gone beyond just kind of hoping for it. He's now, you know, got into this fatwah for it. But how easy is it to really get your hands on this material?
WALSH: Well, unfortunately, it is easier than it should be. You know, there are a lot of problems in life where you have a problem but you don't have a solution. You try to manage the problem. We are lucky when it comes to the problem of nuclear weapons that might be used against the United States or stolen nuclear materials.
But if we can lock down the highly enriched uranium of plutonium, you need one of those two, and only one of those two to make a nuclear weapon. If we can lock them down and secure it, a terrorist cannot make a nuclear weapon. It is literally that simple.
But unfortunately, we are not there yet. By our own estimates, it might be another six years, 10 years before that material is secured, if we go sort of our business as usual model that we've adopted so far.
If we use the gold standard, if we protect every kilogram of nuclear material as well as we protect gold in Fort Knox, there is no way a terrorist can attack us with a nuclear weapon. But we are not there yet.
COOPER: All right, Michael Walsh, Jim Walsh, appreciate you joining us. Thanks very much, Jim.
WALSH: Absolutely, Anderson.
COOPER: Two relatives of Iraqi interim Prime Minister Iyad Allawi were freed by their kidnappers. That tops our look at what's happening right now cross, in the uplink, across the globe.
In Baghdad, word that the wife of Allawi's cousin and her pregnant daughter-in-law have been released. The fate of Allawi's cousin uncertain. All three were kidnapped at gunpoint last week with threats they'd be beheaded unless the U.S. battle in Falluja ended. All detainees in Iraq were released, that's the other demand they wanted.
Tehran, Iran, now, nuclear freeze. Iran has agreed to suspend all uranium enrichment within a week. And to prove it's playing nice, it's asked the U.N. nuclear watchdog agency, the IAEA, to monitor its compliance. The deal was made with the European Union. But the U.S. isn't optimistic, since the agreement is only temporary.
Western Colombia, now, a shaking wakeup, a magnitude 6.7 earthquake hit at 4:00 this morning local time, injuring at least three people, destroying 18 homes. A hospital has also been evacuated for fear it could collapse.
And Laevarden (ph), the Netherlands, a new world record for knocking down dominoes. There it goes. The team used more than 4.25 million dominoes. All of this took two months to build. And, well, it fell down in just 90 minutes. A lot of time on their hands to do that.
That's the uplink.
360 next, breaking news, President Bush to nominate Condoleezza Rice secretary of state. Will she be able to fill Colin Powell's shoes? David Gergen joins us live.
Plus, now that Scott Peterson is facing possible death, will Amber Frey come to his rescue? We'll talk to her attorney.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: Some breaking news to report. White House sources tell CNN that National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice will be nominated as the next person to head the State Department. And an announcement could come as early as tomorrow. President Bush has chosen Rice to replace outgoing Secretary of State Colin Powell. Rice of course has been a loyal to the president's policies as a personal friend of his. The question is, is this job a just reward for her loyalty? It all depends on raw politics.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
COLIN POWELL, SECRETARY OF STATE: ...Mutual agreement that it would be appropriate for me to leave at this time.
COOPER (voice-over): A second presidential term, a time for change and for political insiders, a quick answer to the question: who will take over as secretary of state?
REP. PETE HOEKSTRA (R), MICHIGAN: There are a number of people who can move into that position, who can do a very good job. Condi would be at the top of my list.
COOPER: From the White House perspective it's pretty clear why Condoleezza Rice would be the right choice. Where Colin Powell sometimes wavered, she's been seen as a steadfast supporter of the president's policies, a close friend and confidante of the Bushes, both father and son. And she can be counted on to back the Bush administration no matter what the issue.
The question is, is this the right reward for Condoleezza Rice's relentless loyalty?
CARLOS WATSON, CNN POLITICAL ANALYST: She really does legitimately have multiple credible options, going back to academia and bouncing back over the years between academia and government is probably the most likely. And so if she does not stay in government, I wouldn't be surprised to see her go back and run a university.
COOPER: While she's been quoted as saying her dream job would be commissioner of the NFL there are some who say she has her sights set on a different seat at the table.
WATSON: She could be considered, if Donald Rumsfeld were to leave, to be the next secretary of defense.
COOPER: Putting aside even the most savvy political prognostication, for a president preparing for his second term, rewarding the right person with the right job is just good raw politics.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
COOPER: Well, the resignation of Secretary of State Colin Powell, is really not shocking. There has been a lot of speculation that Powell was on his way out. This is not just any top official of course stepping down. Polls show Powell has had approval ratings higher than any other member of this administration and he's got a hefty resume to boot. CNN senior White House correspondent John King now looks at his star power.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
JOHN KING, CNN SR. WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): He is the warrior turned diplomat among friends in the Bush war council. And for all this star power, often perceived as the odd man out.
JOE HAGIN, W.H. DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF: Rumsfeld doesn't agree with Powell or vice versa but the great thing in the end is that everybody falls in line and pulls in the same direction. I think that's unique to this administration, at least in modern times.
KING: Colin Powell is a complicated man and a secretary of state in complicated times. To some, once and always a loyal soldier.
COLIN POWELL, SECRETARY OF STATE: And I'll always treasure the four years that I spent with President Bush and with the wonderful men and women of the Department of State.
KING: It is an impressive resume to say the least. National security adviser, chairman of the joint chiefs of staff during the first Iraq war. Back then, it was the Powell doctrine, if there is to be war, send overwhelming force. This time around, Powell was secretary of state and it was the Rumsfeld doctrine. Smaller and faster is better. Secretary Powell was known to have doubts but didn't air them in public. Some Bush insiders read books like this however see disloyalty absent fingerprints. Early on, he talked of direct negotiations with North Korea over its nuclear program. He lost that one. Later, he would argue forcefully the president needed to seek United Nations support for war in Iraq. He won.
POWELL: Some of the president's advisers didn't think that the U.N. would be able to do it.
KING: Victory brought responsibility. Powell told the U.N. security council there was no doubt Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction. No weapons, but no apology.
POWELL: I'm disappointed, but, you know, disappointment, you get over it.
KING: These snapshots from June 2003 would prove telling. The president sent National Security Adviser Rice to the Middle East amid complaints in some quarters that talking to Secretary Powell wasn't necessarily the same as talking to the Bush White House. John King, CNN, the White House.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
COOPER: Supporters of Condoleezza Rice say that foreign leaders will know when she speaks as secretary of state she speaks for the president. The same could not always be said for Colin Powell. With a look at his legacy and her future we turn to former presidential adviser David Gergen in Watertown, Massachusetts. David, Good to see you again tonight.
At this point, what is Colin Powell's legacy?
DAVID GERGEN, FMR. PRESIDENTIAL ADVISER: I think he's going to have a legacy of the highest-ranking black in American history in public life, one who made an enormous contribution to the country through his military service, through his service to several presidents, whose secretary of stateship had its successes, but he also was overrun on some of his positions. He did not prevail, but he went on as a good soldier. And I think his friends are, you know, concerned about him because I think he's such a wonderful man. They have such a high regard for him. They think he's been bruised by this process and that his legacy was not all that it might have been. But they don't hold him accountable. They don't hold him responsible for that. They believe that he was outflanked and overrun by the conservatives.
COOPER: Has his reputation been damaged? Republicans don't like him because they felt he wasn't a loyal soldier to the full degree that they wanted and Democrats, I guess, many feel betrayed that he went to the U.N. and tried to sell the war on faulty information.
GERGEN: I think his reputation as a human being is still enormous, is luminous. He's also the most respected member of this government beyond the borders of this country. His reputation among conservatives and sort of here at home, I think is he didn't live up in the eyes of some to what he might have been. And there's a sense of tragedy, rather than blame because I think there are an awful lot of people in the country who felt if his voice had prevailed, then the country might have had a very different outcome in Iraq, that we would not be in quite the chaos that we're there now.
So to the degree that he's been somewhat diminished in the office, I think others are held more responsible. I think he will leave with his head up. I'm told by those who are close to him that despite some of the reports, that he would have been willing to stay if the president asked, that he in fact really did want to leave and talked this out with the president. And as one person close to him told me he's ecstatic now that he's going to be able to put this down. He's given over 35 years of service to the country.
COOPER: Let's talk about Condoleezza Rice. I read on Slate.com, Fred Kaplan wrote this, I'm going to put it on the screen, says, "Condoleezza Rice as President Bush's choice to succeed Powell" -- I'm sorry. "In her four years as national security adviser Rice has displaced no imagination as a foreign policy thinker, she was terrible, one of the worst national security advisers ever as a coordinator of policy advising to the extent she found herself engaged in bureaucratic warfare. She was almost always outgunned by Vice President Dick Cheney or Rumsfeld. If Rumsfeld and his E-Ring survive the cabinet shake-up Rice may wind up every bit as flummoxed as predecessor." Some tough words there from him. What do you think?
GERGEN: Tough words, but remember the source. This is coming from a liberal perspective of people that didn't like what the whole administration was standing about. I think it's unfair to her in the sense that she has done exactly what the president has wanted all along. She's been exactly what he wanted in a national security adviser. The adviser is the closest to him personally and to the family. I think what we should read into this, Anderson, is a couple things.
One is the president clearly now feels confident enough of his own judgments that he's putting his own people in place and centralizing power in the White House in the second term far more than what we've seen in the first term and far more what we've seen in recent administrations. When you put your legal counsel over as attorney general and you put your national security adviser at the State Department, that means you're really running the show out of the White House. She'll be an extension of the president.
I think the other thing is, there are clear indications tonight that this is a major victory for Dick Cheney. Cheney will be able to move now to put Steve Hadley, someone who is very close to him as her successor at the NSA and there are indications now that there are going to be a lot of heads of the moderates, the pragmatists down in the State Department will roll after this is over and maybe Mr. Bolton at the State Department will be moved up to the number two position.
If that's the case what we're going to see is a hard line across the board. I think it will send a clear signal to the world that the hardliners are running foreign policy and that one should not -- if anything, one should not expect a move back to our multilateralist approach toward a more softer line that some were hoping for, that this president is going to carry out a very conservative second term, some bows to institutions, but an assertion of American primacy and an assertion of a strong conservative view of the world.
COOPER: That's where we'll leave it. David Gergen, thanks for joining us tonight.
GERGEN: Thank you.
COOPER: Question is, what will Colin Powell's legacy be? Powell, of course, himself, might want to be remembered as a brilliant statesman, a loyal American soldier, as a man who fought against the dangers of an increasingly violent world.
As for us, we'd like to remember him this way. Take a look.
(MUSIC)
The lighter side of Colin Powell. He's a big Abba fan, so just a little salute to him.
Next on 360 -- oh, well, magic pills that can help you keep the sex drive going, part of our special series, "Eternal Youth," America's obsession with staying young.
Plus, Scott Peterson guilty of murder. Will his ex-mistress now try to save him from the death penalty? I'll talk with her attorney ahead.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: State of California versus Scott Peterson. We the jury in the above-entitled cause find the defendant, Scott Lee Peterson, guilty of the crime of murder of Laci Denise Peterson.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
COOPER: Well, that happened on Friday, of course, and now the woman who helped seal Scott Peterson's fate may soon (AUDIO GAP).
On Friday, Peterson was found guilty of murdering his wife Laci and unborn son Connor. Next week, the jury will return to court for the penalty phase, hearing evidence of why Peterson should live or die. There's growing speculation that this woman, Amber Frey, could be called to testify for the defense.
Will that actually happen? Joining me in "Justice Served" tonight is Amber Frey's attorney, Gloria Allred. Gloria, good to see you.
GLORIA ALLRED, AMBER FREY'S ATTORNEY: Thank you. You too.
COOPER: I want to put up something on the screen that was in "The New York Post" today. It says, quote, "Defense lawyers are expected to call his former flame to testify during the penalty phase of Peterson's trial, in large part because of her strong stance against the death penalty, sources said."
Will Amber Frey testify on behalf of Scott Peterson?
ALLRED: Well, Anderson, of course, the defense said they were going to call her at the preliminary hearing, and they did not. Then they said they were going to recall her as a witness at the trial, and they did not. Now the reports are saying that the defense plans to call her at the sentencing phase, and I don't think they will.
COOPER: Have you been contacted by the defense about it?
ALLRED: I have not.
COOPER: Has Amber Frey?
ALLRED: No, Anderson, I have not been contacted. Nor has Amber been contacted. And while I am not going to say what her position on the death penalty is, I will say that I don't think that's relevant in a death penalty proceeding.
COOPER: Well, her father has publicly said that she's opposed to the death penalty.
ALLRED: Well, you know, we don't think it's appropriate to be saying what her position on the death penalty is. What is appropriate is for the jury to listen to the evidence and to weigh the aggravating factors versus the mitigating factors, and see whether the aggravating factors are so substantial that they should decide that he should get the death penalty, or if they're not, that he should get life in prison without the possibility of parole.
They should look at factors such as the nature and the circumstances of the crime. In this case, you have two very vulnerable victims. You have an eight-month pregnant woman. You have a fetus, his own son to be, Connor. And those are very vulnerable victims.
And then on the mitigating side, you have no prior criminal record for Scott Peterson. And I think that they need to hear from the family of Laci Peterson, and the devastating impact that it's had on their lives. They'll make the right decision. And they can decide what sympathetic value to place on any of these factors.
COOPER: Where does Amber Frey go from here? I mean, what was her -- can you talk about what her reaction was to this verdict?
ALLRED: Anderson, just that it was a very emotional day for her. And her feelings towards Scott Peterson are extremely complicated. And all of us who have heard the tapes know why. So it was an emotional day for her. But she's always said that it was for the jury to decide whether or not he was guilty of the double murder charge, and she's always said that God will be the ultimate judge.
COOPER: Do you think the jury will suggest the death penalty?
ALLRED: It's really difficult to predict what they will do here. They could, and they could not. But I don't think it's clear as to what they will do.
They'll hear the evidence, and then they'll deliberate. It may be that they'll also hear from his parents. And they can look at his character, his mental condition, his physical condition. They could hear from Scott Peterson, but I don't think that they will. And so they can take many factors into account.
COOPER: You don't think -- you don't think he'll speak out in his own...
ALLRED: I think it's unlikely. I mean, he could, but I don't think he has any credibility, and I think that would be a mistake to put him on.
COOPER: We're going to leave it there. Gloria Allred, thanks very much for joining us.
ALLRED: Thank you.
COOPER: Well, 360 next, eternal youth, in bed. It's possible, some say, with the newest drugs for both men and women. We're going to get the details, part of our special series ahead.
Also tonight, tracking pills from the plant to the pharmacy. Is your home next? We take radio frequency identification to "The Nth Degree."
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: There's no doubt about it, American culture is in part based on the search for the fountain of youth. Even one of our states, Florida, was discovered by a European looking for a bubbling stream of rejuvenation. Well, nobody ever found it. Many people have discovered that there other ways to be young again.
Tonight as we begin a new series called "Eternal Youth," America's obsession with staying young, Jason Bellini reports on the movement to fight aging with a little help to the libido.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
JASON BELLINI, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): It's the sexual revolution of the new century. Sexual dysfunction is no longer hush hush.
BOB DOLE, FORMER SENATOR: Often called impotence.
BELLINI: Thanks to friendly reminders from the pharmaceutical industry, you can get on in age and still get it on. Urologist, Dr. Natan Bar-Ghama, says it's a whole new world.
(on camera): Isn't it natural that people's libido goes down as they get older.
DR. NATAN BAR-GHAMA, MT. SINAI MEDICAL CENTER: What we thought as natural aging is being challenged by society. UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I call this the six pack.
BELLINI: First came erectile dysfunction drugs, Viagra, then Levitra, and finally Cialis, nicknamed the weekender because it last up to 36 hours. An estimated two million men are using testosterone therapy to among other things, help their waning sex drives. The controversial treatment is now available in patches, pills, gels and injections. Thirty-nine other drugs are in development. Options for women are lagging behind.
BAR-GHAMA: Female sexual dysfunction is more common than male impotence. It's much more complicated. It involves lost of libido, post menopausal changes. Fortunately, new treatments are on the horizon.
BELLINI: The topical cream for women, Femprox, is in phase two clinical trials. Recent studies have also linked reduced levels in women, to lower interest in sex. A testosterone patch for women may soon be on the shelves.
BAR-GHAMA: The testosterone patch for women, the data looks promising. It looks as if it's an extremely effective treatment for women who have lost libido.
BELLINI (on camera): Bottom line is, sex is not just for the young anymore.
BAR-GHAMA: Sex is for the young at heart.
BELLINI: Jason Bellini, CNN, New York.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
COOPER: Joining me from Los Angeles, to talk about the quest for a youthful sex drive, Dr. Jennifer Berman, urologist and sex expert. Thanks for being with us, Doctor.
DR. JENNIFER BERMAN, UROLOGIST: Thank you.
COOPER: There are so many of these products out there now, I mean, a whole bunch of products coming down the pipe line, is there a down side?
I mean, they seem to have fundamentally change relationships and behaviors in some way.
BERMAN: I think the down side would be if people put unrealistic expectations on themselves or women feel like they need to be swinging from the chandeliers or men feel they need to have a marathon 24-hour erection or something along those lines. The point is there is help if dysfunction exists but our expectations need to be realistic.
COOPER: But a lot of times people using these even if dysfunction doesn't exist. I mean, younger and younger people are using them to sort of enhance performance. BERMAN: Well, true, however, what you said about younger and younger people is important because sexual dysfunction is not only a consequence of getting old or a disease that afflicts older people. It is something that happens to younger men, as well as women, and there can be medical physical reasons. So, in those circumstances, drugs such as Viagra, Levitra, Cialis or for that matter testosterone are indicated. But certainly, in terms of enhancing performance, these are drugs and there are real side effects associated with that.
COOPER: So a lot of these pills, I mean, they're not really revving up the sex drive, they're just making one able to perform. You can still have the ability but not the urge.
BERMAN: That is correct for the blood flow enhancing Viagra, Levitra, Cialis, those are arousal-enhancing drugs. Testosterone however, is a hormone, that effects or increases libido and desire in men as well as women.
COOPER: What are the dangers of testosterone replacement therapy for men and for women.
BERMAN: Well, the side effects for testosterone can be if levels get too high for women, weight gain, hair growth, oily skin, masculinization, things that we don't want to have happen. In men, the real serious and significant risk is risk for prostate cancer, if not, and/or enlargement of the prostate gland, because testosterone increases prostate cell density and size. So, that's really something men really need to be aware of and keep on top of is their PSA levels. Their prostate specific antigen levels.
COOPER: And something that should be tested with your doctor. Dr. Jennifer Berman, appreciate you join us. Thanks very much.
BERMAN: Thank you.
COOPER: If you remember that ad with the guy who used -- the guy who used to be called "Wild Thing," well, apparently he won't be back after all. Here's a quick news note for you, drug maker Pfizer is pulling the "Wild Thing" ads for it's impotence drug Viagra. The commercial showed a man regaining his sex drive during a shopping trip, with a voice-over saying, he's back. Today the FDA urged that the ad being removed, stating there's no proof Viagra restores sex drive. It also says the commercials fail to mention risks associated with the drug. Pfizer is preparing a formal response.
Tomorrow when our "Eternal Youth" series continues, break through treatments to looking younger, some methods. Claims to take years off your appearance without any big side effects, but do they actually work?
On Wednesday, the long-life diet. Cutting the calories to live past a hundred. We'll take a look at that.
And Thursday, youth in a bottle, using vitamin and pill cocktails to defy the consequences of aging. See if that's true. And on Friday, young at all costs. A look at the youth obsessed culture. Billions spent on anti-aging products, even teenagers are taking part in it, hard to believe.
360 next though, tracking pill bottles with radio frequency ID. What could be next. We'll take that to "The Nth Degree."
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: Tonight, taking tracking to "The Nth Degree." This is incredibly exciting news -- no really. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and several major pharmaceutical companies today announced a plan fit itty bitty radio antennas to large pill bottles, in an attempt to track their whereabouts and keep them from falling into the hands of counterfeiters. Now the experiment starts with Viagra and OxyContin. Right now, this so called radio frequency identification technology is pretty expensive.
But soon enough, it will be on everything, not just the mega bottles pharmacies get, but on the take-home bottles as well, maybe even on the individual pills. Yes, sir, you take a Viagra and a couple minutes later you get a call from the FDA wanting to making sure that's your wife you're with. But that's nothing. Eventually everything can be kept track of, everything. You know what that means, don't you, sometime in the foreseeable future, human kind will finally be able to achieve something it has dreamt of for centuries, that's right, the single sock will be no more.
I'm Anderson Cooper, thanks for watching 360. Coming up next "PAULA ZAHN NOW."
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Aired November 15, 2004 - 19:00 ET
THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.
ANDERSON COOPER, HOST: Good evening from New York. I'm Anderson Cooper.
Breaking news. Tonight, the president to nomination Condoleezza Rice for secretary of state.
360 starts now.
Colin Powell is out, but is Condi Rice in? Tonight, why the secretary of state isn't sticking around, and what the change may mean for U.S. foreign policy
Mopping up in Falluja, more than 1,000 insurgents reportedly dead. But what happens now? A new tape by Zarqawi urges Iraqis to fight on.
Bin Laden and the bomb. Is al Qaeda trying to smuggle a nuclear device into the U.S. from Mexico? Would we be able to stop it if they did?
She loved him, then turned on him. But now that Scott Peterson is facing death, will Amber Frey come to his rescue?
How could it happen again? A second child in Florida subdued by a co's stun gun. Was it justified? Is it ever?
And the search for eternal youth. We spend billions to stay young. Tonight, what works and what doesn't to keep you young in bed.
ANNOUNCER: Live from the CNN Broadcast Center in New York, this is ANDERSON COOPER 360.
COOPER: And good evening again.
We begin with breaking news. CNN has learned that Condoleezza Rice will be nominated to replace Secretary of State Colin Powell, probably tomorrow.
Let's go straight to the White House, where Dana Bash has the latest.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
DANA BASH, CNN WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): The first member of the president's national security team to bow out says it was an honor to serve, but it's time to go.
COLIN POWELL, SECRETARY OF STATE: It has always been my intention I would serve one term.
BASH: The secretary of state, who officially resigned Friday, was among the first tapped four years ago. For a president coming into office with no foreign policy experience, the retired four-star general offered credibility on the world, and he put it on the line.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
POWELL: Saddam Hussein has not accounted for one teaspoonful of this deadly material.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
BASH: Most notably, to sell the Iraq War to the U.N. with information later discredited.
Some administration officials say Powell wanted to stay a few months, especially with a new post-Arafat opening in the Mideast. But just last week, the president was notably vague when asked about his future.
GEORGE W. BUSH, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: I'm proud of my secretary of state. He's done a heck of a good job.
BASH: Powell carefully told reports he never asked to stay, and sources say Mr. Bush was eager to assemble his new team.
And administration officials now say the president will tap his national security adviser, Condoleezza Rice, as his next secretary of state, and will make that formal announcement as early as Tuesday.
The secretary of state was one of four cabinet resignations announced Monday, the others, Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham, Education Secretary Rod Paige, and Agriculture Secretary Ann Venneman.
Filling key posts with loyal confidants appears to be a Bush strategy aimed at fending off problems that historically plague second-term presidents.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
BASH: And to that end, as we reported at the top of this show, Condoleezza Rice, the president's current national security adviser, will be tapped by the president tomorrow here at the White House to be his nominee for secretary of state.
And her current deputy, Stephen Hadley, will be tapped by the president to replace her as national security adviser, Anderson.
COOPER: Dana, at this point, is there any talk about what Colin Powell does next and when Condoleezza Rice takes over?
BASH: Well, Colin Powell had said in his resignation letter that he's eager and happy to go back to the private sector. That is what we do expect him to do. And also, he and other (UNINTELLIGIBLE) administration officials have made clear that he is likely to stay on through the inauguration. When that whole transition takes place all depends on the Senate and when they can confirm Condoleezza Rice.
COOPER: All right, Dana Bash, thanks for that, we're live from the White House.
We're going to talk to former presidential adviser to four presidents David Gergen a little bit later on about what all this may mean.
The president's cabinet seems to be sweeping itself clean without the benefit of a new broom. That is certainly not the case at the CIA, where a new man is in charge. And that, sources say, has more than a little to do with the resignation today of the two top officials running the agency's clandestine service.
National security correspondent David Ensor has that.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
DAVID ENSOR, CNN NATIONAL SECURITY CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): After angry exchanges with aides to the new director of Central Intelligence, Porter Goss, the top two men in the CIA's clandestine service resigned. They are Deputy Director for Operations Stephen Kappes and his number two, Michael J. Sulick. Kappes is said to be the man who convinced Libya's leader Mohamar Kadafi to give up his weapons of mass destruction.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: If these individuals didn't feel comfortable with the direction that Porter is going, they did the right thing, and they left the agency.
ENSOR: Intelligence insiders say the Bush White House has ordered Goss to purge the agency of officials who may have been behind leaks of damaging information during the presidential campaign about Iraq policy and the war on terrorism.
But Kappes and Sulick are not accused of leaking and are highly respected.
REP. JANE HARMAN (D), INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE: The direction set by this highly partisan, inexperienced management team, which Porter Goss brought over with him to the CIA, may cause the wrong people to resign in protest, and may hurt our efforts to win the war on terror.
ENSOR: All agree former congressman Goss, himself a CIA veteran, has a mandate to make changes at the agency in the wake of criticism over intelligence shortcomings before the 9/11 attacks and before the Iraq War. But some officials say Goss's closest aides want to micromanage decisions such as who should be CIA station chiefs around the world.
MICHAEL SCHEUER, FORMER CIA ANALYST: I think just from my own career experience, it's a bad thing. The deputy director of operations is in charge and ought to have the people working for him who are -- who have his confidence.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ENSOR: In a statement, director Goss said he has selected a new spymaster, a new deputy director for operations, but that the man cannot be publicly named for now because he will be leaving an undercover job, Anderson.
COOPER: So David, is it clear at this point (UNINTELLIGIBLE), I mean, exactly why they resigned? I mean, was it, were there specific issues? Or is it not clear at this point?
ENSOR: It's always very difficult to get complete clarity at the Central Intelligence Agency, at least from the outside. But I understand that there were some quite angry exchanges between these two men and the chief of staff over at the CIA for Mr. Goss. And there really were some serious personality problems between them.
He is described by some at the CIA as a rather abrasive person, Anderson.
COOPER: All right, David Ensor, thanks, from Washington.
Fight for Falluja seems to be over, but the killing there is not. The U.S. claims control of the city, but they continue to search for insurgents. Now, he fighting over the last week has been brutal, and U.S. troops have borne the brunt of it, 38 American troops have been killed in the fighting.
And tonight we bring you a developing story. We've learned that a military investigation is now under way because of an incident caught on this videotape. We're going to show you the whole tape in a moment. In it, a wounded Iraqi insurgent appears to have been shot to death at point-blank range by an American Marine.
CNN senior Pentagon correspondent Jamie McIntyre has more on this late-breaking development. Jamie?
JAMIE MCINTYRE, CNN SENIOR PENTAGON CORRESPONDENT: Well, Anderson, the killing came a day after U.S. Marines stormed a mosque where they'd been taking fire from inside. When they got inside, they discovered that they had killed 10 insurgents, wounded five others.
Now, this is the next day, last Saturday. A different Marine unit went back into the mosque in response to reports that the insurgents had returned. Gunfire can be heard as the original Marine unit along with a television reporter embedded with them arrived at the mosque. This is a few minutes later, as the gunfire is going off.
As they enter the mosque, they talk to the other Marines, they ask them what's going on inside, whether anybody's been shot, whether they had weapons. And then as they go in, they see that three of the previous day's wounded, who had been lightly wounded, are now dying, and one severely wounded man is shot in the head by a U.S. Marine at point-blank range. And we'll see the beginning of that sequence in a minute, but CNN has chosen not to show the actual killing due to the explicit nature of the video.
This is the part right here. These are some of the people who are dying. They are very severely wounded now. And as the camera shifts over, you'll just briefly see one of the Marines yell that he thinks one of the insurgents is faking being dead. And he rise -- raises his gun and fires at them.
Afterwards, one of the men who was not severely wounded, one of the insurgents, tells a TV reporter that he's among those that was captured the day before. The TV reporter recognizes him. He tells the Marine that, and the Marine responds, he didn't know. He says, I didn't know, sir, I didn't know.
Now, that Marine is now under investigation to see whether he properly followed the rules of war. If he knew that this person was unarmed and didn't pose a threat, then it would be a war crime to kill him. But it's also possible that he didn't know that these were people who had been captured the day before and thought they were fresh casualties, and might have believed that they were a threat, Anderson.
COOPER: Yes, one hates to second-guess at this point with an investigation under way. We should just point out in that video we showed you, it is not the people in the foreground, that last image that we froze on, it's actually someone laying in the back. You see them very briefly only for a split second or so.
And the shooting was not on camera. I mean, it was, but we're just not showing it.
But the people in the foreground were not the ones shot. Am I correct about that?
MCINTYRE: Absolutely correct, yes.
COOPER: All right. Thanks very much. Jamie McIntyre, appreciate it.
In addition to those killed in Falluja, something between 1,000 and 2,000 insurgents have been killed. But rebel leader Abu Musab al- Zarqawi is not among them, foreign terrorist from Jordan. He managed to slip out of the city somewhere along the line. And today an audiotape was released on which a voice, presumed to be Zarqawi's, urges remaining rebels to regroup and continue their efforts against coalition forces elsewhere.
Now, we spoke earlier with "TIME" magazine's Michael Ware, who has been through the battle for Falluja from the beginning to end.
Michael, what surprised you most about the fighting that you have witnessed firsthand the last couple days?
MICHAEL WARE, "TIME" MAGAZINE: I guess we all expected it to be a torrid fight, but the ferociousness was what really took me.
(UNINTELLIGIBLE) guerrilla stop, striking us from the front head on, from this flanks, from the behind, at the moments when you least expect it. But when it was on, it was terrible. We were fighting room to room from point-black -- blank range, six, eight, 10 feet away. It was a terrible affair.
COOPER: In some of your reporting, it sounds as if the insurgents were, perhaps, better trained than, than, than some soldiers, perhaps, had anticipated, more professional.
WARE: We knew that we were taking on the Sunni insurgency, and we were going into it daka (ph). This is the home of the corporate knowledge, the institutional knowledge, of Saddam's military. The west was the well from which he drew his senior officers and his best NCOs. This is also the congregating point, the center of being of the foreign fighters.
Now, many of these people are well-trained veterans as well. If the individual soldiers expected anything less, then they've been kidding themselves and now are rudely awakened.
COOPER: What does the battle of Falluja tell us about what comes next? What does it tell us about this insurgency?
WARE: What it tells is that the insurgency is not going away. In military, strategic terms, this was a sweeping success. Politically, there was enormous pressure for this festering sore to be cleared. Yet did it break the back of the insurgency? No, far from it.
We'll now see for the time being a more decentralized insurgency. The test will be how long it takes for them to regenerate. But they have not gone away. Perhaps we've disrupted them, perhaps we've strained their lines of communication, but we're already seeing the northern city of Mosul begin to explode. We're hearing more now coming from the northwestern city of Baquba.
I mean, this is just yet another chapter in what I suspect will be a long volume of war.
COOPER: Michael Ware, your reporting for "TIME" continues to be remarkable. Thanks for joining us. And stay safe. Good luck to you.
WARE: My great pleasure, Anderson. Thank you.
COOPER: Well, 360 next, using tasers on children. A 6- and a 12-year-old shot in Miami by police. What would you have done in their place? Find out.
Also tonight, nuclear al Qaeda? Osama bin Laden reportedly gets the green light to hit the U.S. How easy would it be for terrorists to bring nukes in from Mexico? We'll take a close look at that.
And we'll continue our coverage of breaking news out of the White House. President Bush to nominate Condoleezza Rice to secretary of state tomorrow.
All that ahead. First, let's take a look at your picks, the most popular stories on CNN.com right now.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: It's hard to understand, perhaps, why police would need to subdue a 6-year-old boy with a 50,000-volt shock from a stun gun. That is exactly what happened in Miami a few weeks ago. And as it turns out, it wasn't the first time.
CNN's Susan Candiotti reports.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
SUSAN CANDIOTTI, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Tasering a 12- year-old girl playing hooky isn't sitting well with the director of the Miami-Dade Police Department.
SGT. PETER AMORELLI: He thought that it wasn't the most appropriate use of the taser, but that's -- it needs to follow its course of review by the command staff.
CANDIOTTI: Police say the girl was zapped while running away from the officer.
SYLVANA GOMEZ, TASERED BY POLICE: They did an assault, they did an assault. Obviously they did, because I'm underage, and I haven't done nothing wrong. All I did was skip school.
CANDIOTTI: Skipping school might not be enough to taser a child, say police, one of the things they're reviewing. The same agency defends tasering a 6-year-old at school. Police say the bloodied first-grader was holding a security guard at bay with a shard of glass and wouldn't drop it.
Community activists wonder whether there was another way.
GEORGIA AYERS, COMMUNITY ACTIVIST: I certainly don't want anyone putting a taser on my child or any other child that I know of.
CANDIOTTI: The school's principal says some parents have complained about the taser, but no group meetings are planned.
Yet in rural Putman County, Florida, after middle and high schoolers were tasered five times this year for alleged violent behavior, police are teaching students about the high-voltage weapon.
DET. TIM CAMPBELL, PUTNAM COUNTY SHERIFF'S OFFICE: No side effects, no harmful aftermath. You don't have to deal with the pepper spray, the baton beatings, and stuff like that.
CANDIOTTI: Taser International says its safety tests are done on pigs. Its findings, tasers can be used safely on anyone weighing more than 60 pounds. According to his family, the first-grader in question weighs 53 pounds and vomited after being jolted. (END VIDEOTAPE)
CANDIOTTI: (audio interrupt) International says it does not issue warnings based on age or population groups and leaves it up to each police agency to set its own policies. Miami-Dade Police only restriction on using tasers, don't use them on pregnant women, Anderson.
COOPER: All right, Susan Candiotti, thanks for that.
In Las Vegas tonight, more than 40 performers from Cuba are reportedly planning the largest mass defection ever from the communist country, of performers, that is. Earlier today, they took their request for freedom to a federal courtroom.
CNN's Sean Callebs reports.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
SEAN CALLEBS, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): It's called the Havana Nightclub Review. But before the curtain came up on their scheduled three-month run at the Stardust in Las Vegas, the group's founder grabbed the spotlight, saying 44 performers, temporarily in the United States, and seven other members of this troupe, currently in Germany, want to defect.
NICOLE DUER, HAVANA NIGHTS FOUNDER: If they return to Cuba, they would not be allowed to continue their lives as artists. Instead, they would be considered dissidents and subject to harassment and severe consequences.
CALLEBS: So far, no word from Castro's government. There's no trade between communist Cuba and the U.S. However, cultural exchanges, while rare, do occur. Actor Kevin Costner lobbied to secure visas for the Cubans, and Siegfried and Roy worked to help book Havana Nighs at the Stardust.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I feel I am so proud for this moment for everybody.
CALLEBS: The performers say they didn't come here to defect, but say their hand was forced. Nicole Duer, founder, producer, and director, said she was arrested in Cuba in August, thrown out of the country, and told never to return.
DUER: It was done with, and it's still done with big sorrow, you know, because a lot of these people will not see their families for a while.
CALLEBS: The performers fully expect the Castro's government to punish family members in Cuba. And three members are planning to return to Havana. The defections could have a chilling effect on artists trapped just 90 miles from the U.S. who want to travel.
Sean Callebs, CNN, Denver.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
COOPER: Well, 360 next, nuclear al Qaeda? Could the terror network smuggle in nukes from Mexico if they had them? A new report raises some new fears. We'll take a closer look.
Also tonight, breaking news. President Bush to nominate Condoleezza Rice as secretary of state. That's going to happen tomorrow. The latest on the cabinet shakeup. David Gergen joins us live.
And a little later, Scott Peterson facing possible death. Will his former lover come to his defense? Her lawyer gives us the inside scoop.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: Well, last night, the CIA's former top expert on Osama bin Laden told "60 Minutes" that bin Laden obtained an Islamic decree, a fatwah, justifying the use of nuclear weapons on America. Now, what makes the report all the more chilling is an article in the latest "TIME" magazine saying that al Qaeda has considered using the Mexican border to smuggle nuclear material into the U.S.
Joining me from Watertown, Massachusetts, is Professor Jim Walsh, an expert on terrorism and international security at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government.
Jim, good to see you again.
Does this worry you, this report, both from "60 Minutes" and from "TIME" magazine, or do you think this is a little bit overblown?
JIM WALSH, TERRORISM EXPERT: Well, I think we have to wait before we jump to any conclusions about these particular reports. But more generally, the issue of whether bin Laden or some bin Laden 10 years from now could get nuclear materials and make an attack on the U.S., that does worry me.
There are literally tons and tons of nuclear material around the world, in the former Soviet Union and elsewhere, that are vulnerable. That's according to our own Department of Energy. And so it is a real concern, and it's something that we need to be working on.
COOPER: But, you know, Jim, just to play devil's advocate here, people have been talking about nuclear proliferation and it falling to the wrong hands for, you know, 20 years or so. It hasn't happened yet. Why?
WALSH: Fair enough. And it hasn't happened yet. But that doesn't mean it's not going to happen in the future. I think it has not happened yet in part because of the nature of the terrorist organization. A lot of terrorist organizations are organized by cells, and they, when you have a cell structure, it's hard to engage in complex activities like building a nuclear weapon.
But we've seen CNN tapes, remember, Anderson, back right after the Afghan War, in which bin Laden or al Qaeda operatives were experimenting with chemical weapon when they poisoned that dog. I'm sure you remember that videotape.
There is federal court testimony that indicates that bin Laden attempted to buy nuclear materials in the past. He got swindled, but he tried to buy them. And his, by his own statements, he says he's interested in them. And if there's one thing we've learned over these past three years, it's when he makes a statement, he usually means it.
COOPER: Well, also, I mean, he, we learned from "60 Minutes" last night, I'm going to put this on the screen, this former Michael Scheuer, a former CIA analyst, expert on bin Laden, told "60 Minutes" that bin Laden secured from a Saudi sheikh named Hamid bin Fahd (ph) a rather long treatise on the possibility of using nuclear weapons against the Americans, specifically, nuclear weapons in the treatise found that he was perfectly within his rights to use them.
So clearly, he's gone beyond just kind of hoping for it. He's now, you know, got into this fatwah for it. But how easy is it to really get your hands on this material?
WALSH: Well, unfortunately, it is easier than it should be. You know, there are a lot of problems in life where you have a problem but you don't have a solution. You try to manage the problem. We are lucky when it comes to the problem of nuclear weapons that might be used against the United States or stolen nuclear materials.
But if we can lock down the highly enriched uranium of plutonium, you need one of those two, and only one of those two to make a nuclear weapon. If we can lock them down and secure it, a terrorist cannot make a nuclear weapon. It is literally that simple.
But unfortunately, we are not there yet. By our own estimates, it might be another six years, 10 years before that material is secured, if we go sort of our business as usual model that we've adopted so far.
If we use the gold standard, if we protect every kilogram of nuclear material as well as we protect gold in Fort Knox, there is no way a terrorist can attack us with a nuclear weapon. But we are not there yet.
COOPER: All right, Michael Walsh, Jim Walsh, appreciate you joining us. Thanks very much, Jim.
WALSH: Absolutely, Anderson.
COOPER: Two relatives of Iraqi interim Prime Minister Iyad Allawi were freed by their kidnappers. That tops our look at what's happening right now cross, in the uplink, across the globe.
In Baghdad, word that the wife of Allawi's cousin and her pregnant daughter-in-law have been released. The fate of Allawi's cousin uncertain. All three were kidnapped at gunpoint last week with threats they'd be beheaded unless the U.S. battle in Falluja ended. All detainees in Iraq were released, that's the other demand they wanted.
Tehran, Iran, now, nuclear freeze. Iran has agreed to suspend all uranium enrichment within a week. And to prove it's playing nice, it's asked the U.N. nuclear watchdog agency, the IAEA, to monitor its compliance. The deal was made with the European Union. But the U.S. isn't optimistic, since the agreement is only temporary.
Western Colombia, now, a shaking wakeup, a magnitude 6.7 earthquake hit at 4:00 this morning local time, injuring at least three people, destroying 18 homes. A hospital has also been evacuated for fear it could collapse.
And Laevarden (ph), the Netherlands, a new world record for knocking down dominoes. There it goes. The team used more than 4.25 million dominoes. All of this took two months to build. And, well, it fell down in just 90 minutes. A lot of time on their hands to do that.
That's the uplink.
360 next, breaking news, President Bush to nominate Condoleezza Rice secretary of state. Will she be able to fill Colin Powell's shoes? David Gergen joins us live.
Plus, now that Scott Peterson is facing possible death, will Amber Frey come to his rescue? We'll talk to her attorney.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: Some breaking news to report. White House sources tell CNN that National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice will be nominated as the next person to head the State Department. And an announcement could come as early as tomorrow. President Bush has chosen Rice to replace outgoing Secretary of State Colin Powell. Rice of course has been a loyal to the president's policies as a personal friend of his. The question is, is this job a just reward for her loyalty? It all depends on raw politics.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
COLIN POWELL, SECRETARY OF STATE: ...Mutual agreement that it would be appropriate for me to leave at this time.
COOPER (voice-over): A second presidential term, a time for change and for political insiders, a quick answer to the question: who will take over as secretary of state?
REP. PETE HOEKSTRA (R), MICHIGAN: There are a number of people who can move into that position, who can do a very good job. Condi would be at the top of my list.
COOPER: From the White House perspective it's pretty clear why Condoleezza Rice would be the right choice. Where Colin Powell sometimes wavered, she's been seen as a steadfast supporter of the president's policies, a close friend and confidante of the Bushes, both father and son. And she can be counted on to back the Bush administration no matter what the issue.
The question is, is this the right reward for Condoleezza Rice's relentless loyalty?
CARLOS WATSON, CNN POLITICAL ANALYST: She really does legitimately have multiple credible options, going back to academia and bouncing back over the years between academia and government is probably the most likely. And so if she does not stay in government, I wouldn't be surprised to see her go back and run a university.
COOPER: While she's been quoted as saying her dream job would be commissioner of the NFL there are some who say she has her sights set on a different seat at the table.
WATSON: She could be considered, if Donald Rumsfeld were to leave, to be the next secretary of defense.
COOPER: Putting aside even the most savvy political prognostication, for a president preparing for his second term, rewarding the right person with the right job is just good raw politics.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
COOPER: Well, the resignation of Secretary of State Colin Powell, is really not shocking. There has been a lot of speculation that Powell was on his way out. This is not just any top official of course stepping down. Polls show Powell has had approval ratings higher than any other member of this administration and he's got a hefty resume to boot. CNN senior White House correspondent John King now looks at his star power.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
JOHN KING, CNN SR. WHITE HOUSE CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): He is the warrior turned diplomat among friends in the Bush war council. And for all this star power, often perceived as the odd man out.
JOE HAGIN, W.H. DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF: Rumsfeld doesn't agree with Powell or vice versa but the great thing in the end is that everybody falls in line and pulls in the same direction. I think that's unique to this administration, at least in modern times.
KING: Colin Powell is a complicated man and a secretary of state in complicated times. To some, once and always a loyal soldier.
COLIN POWELL, SECRETARY OF STATE: And I'll always treasure the four years that I spent with President Bush and with the wonderful men and women of the Department of State.
KING: It is an impressive resume to say the least. National security adviser, chairman of the joint chiefs of staff during the first Iraq war. Back then, it was the Powell doctrine, if there is to be war, send overwhelming force. This time around, Powell was secretary of state and it was the Rumsfeld doctrine. Smaller and faster is better. Secretary Powell was known to have doubts but didn't air them in public. Some Bush insiders read books like this however see disloyalty absent fingerprints. Early on, he talked of direct negotiations with North Korea over its nuclear program. He lost that one. Later, he would argue forcefully the president needed to seek United Nations support for war in Iraq. He won.
POWELL: Some of the president's advisers didn't think that the U.N. would be able to do it.
KING: Victory brought responsibility. Powell told the U.N. security council there was no doubt Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction. No weapons, but no apology.
POWELL: I'm disappointed, but, you know, disappointment, you get over it.
KING: These snapshots from June 2003 would prove telling. The president sent National Security Adviser Rice to the Middle East amid complaints in some quarters that talking to Secretary Powell wasn't necessarily the same as talking to the Bush White House. John King, CNN, the White House.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
COOPER: Supporters of Condoleezza Rice say that foreign leaders will know when she speaks as secretary of state she speaks for the president. The same could not always be said for Colin Powell. With a look at his legacy and her future we turn to former presidential adviser David Gergen in Watertown, Massachusetts. David, Good to see you again tonight.
At this point, what is Colin Powell's legacy?
DAVID GERGEN, FMR. PRESIDENTIAL ADVISER: I think he's going to have a legacy of the highest-ranking black in American history in public life, one who made an enormous contribution to the country through his military service, through his service to several presidents, whose secretary of stateship had its successes, but he also was overrun on some of his positions. He did not prevail, but he went on as a good soldier. And I think his friends are, you know, concerned about him because I think he's such a wonderful man. They have such a high regard for him. They think he's been bruised by this process and that his legacy was not all that it might have been. But they don't hold him accountable. They don't hold him responsible for that. They believe that he was outflanked and overrun by the conservatives.
COOPER: Has his reputation been damaged? Republicans don't like him because they felt he wasn't a loyal soldier to the full degree that they wanted and Democrats, I guess, many feel betrayed that he went to the U.N. and tried to sell the war on faulty information.
GERGEN: I think his reputation as a human being is still enormous, is luminous. He's also the most respected member of this government beyond the borders of this country. His reputation among conservatives and sort of here at home, I think is he didn't live up in the eyes of some to what he might have been. And there's a sense of tragedy, rather than blame because I think there are an awful lot of people in the country who felt if his voice had prevailed, then the country might have had a very different outcome in Iraq, that we would not be in quite the chaos that we're there now.
So to the degree that he's been somewhat diminished in the office, I think others are held more responsible. I think he will leave with his head up. I'm told by those who are close to him that despite some of the reports, that he would have been willing to stay if the president asked, that he in fact really did want to leave and talked this out with the president. And as one person close to him told me he's ecstatic now that he's going to be able to put this down. He's given over 35 years of service to the country.
COOPER: Let's talk about Condoleezza Rice. I read on Slate.com, Fred Kaplan wrote this, I'm going to put it on the screen, says, "Condoleezza Rice as President Bush's choice to succeed Powell" -- I'm sorry. "In her four years as national security adviser Rice has displaced no imagination as a foreign policy thinker, she was terrible, one of the worst national security advisers ever as a coordinator of policy advising to the extent she found herself engaged in bureaucratic warfare. She was almost always outgunned by Vice President Dick Cheney or Rumsfeld. If Rumsfeld and his E-Ring survive the cabinet shake-up Rice may wind up every bit as flummoxed as predecessor." Some tough words there from him. What do you think?
GERGEN: Tough words, but remember the source. This is coming from a liberal perspective of people that didn't like what the whole administration was standing about. I think it's unfair to her in the sense that she has done exactly what the president has wanted all along. She's been exactly what he wanted in a national security adviser. The adviser is the closest to him personally and to the family. I think what we should read into this, Anderson, is a couple things.
One is the president clearly now feels confident enough of his own judgments that he's putting his own people in place and centralizing power in the White House in the second term far more than what we've seen in the first term and far more what we've seen in recent administrations. When you put your legal counsel over as attorney general and you put your national security adviser at the State Department, that means you're really running the show out of the White House. She'll be an extension of the president.
I think the other thing is, there are clear indications tonight that this is a major victory for Dick Cheney. Cheney will be able to move now to put Steve Hadley, someone who is very close to him as her successor at the NSA and there are indications now that there are going to be a lot of heads of the moderates, the pragmatists down in the State Department will roll after this is over and maybe Mr. Bolton at the State Department will be moved up to the number two position.
If that's the case what we're going to see is a hard line across the board. I think it will send a clear signal to the world that the hardliners are running foreign policy and that one should not -- if anything, one should not expect a move back to our multilateralist approach toward a more softer line that some were hoping for, that this president is going to carry out a very conservative second term, some bows to institutions, but an assertion of American primacy and an assertion of a strong conservative view of the world.
COOPER: That's where we'll leave it. David Gergen, thanks for joining us tonight.
GERGEN: Thank you.
COOPER: Question is, what will Colin Powell's legacy be? Powell, of course, himself, might want to be remembered as a brilliant statesman, a loyal American soldier, as a man who fought against the dangers of an increasingly violent world.
As for us, we'd like to remember him this way. Take a look.
(MUSIC)
The lighter side of Colin Powell. He's a big Abba fan, so just a little salute to him.
Next on 360 -- oh, well, magic pills that can help you keep the sex drive going, part of our special series, "Eternal Youth," America's obsession with staying young.
Plus, Scott Peterson guilty of murder. Will his ex-mistress now try to save him from the death penalty? I'll talk with her attorney ahead.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: State of California versus Scott Peterson. We the jury in the above-entitled cause find the defendant, Scott Lee Peterson, guilty of the crime of murder of Laci Denise Peterson.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
COOPER: Well, that happened on Friday, of course, and now the woman who helped seal Scott Peterson's fate may soon (AUDIO GAP).
On Friday, Peterson was found guilty of murdering his wife Laci and unborn son Connor. Next week, the jury will return to court for the penalty phase, hearing evidence of why Peterson should live or die. There's growing speculation that this woman, Amber Frey, could be called to testify for the defense.
Will that actually happen? Joining me in "Justice Served" tonight is Amber Frey's attorney, Gloria Allred. Gloria, good to see you.
GLORIA ALLRED, AMBER FREY'S ATTORNEY: Thank you. You too.
COOPER: I want to put up something on the screen that was in "The New York Post" today. It says, quote, "Defense lawyers are expected to call his former flame to testify during the penalty phase of Peterson's trial, in large part because of her strong stance against the death penalty, sources said."
Will Amber Frey testify on behalf of Scott Peterson?
ALLRED: Well, Anderson, of course, the defense said they were going to call her at the preliminary hearing, and they did not. Then they said they were going to recall her as a witness at the trial, and they did not. Now the reports are saying that the defense plans to call her at the sentencing phase, and I don't think they will.
COOPER: Have you been contacted by the defense about it?
ALLRED: I have not.
COOPER: Has Amber Frey?
ALLRED: No, Anderson, I have not been contacted. Nor has Amber been contacted. And while I am not going to say what her position on the death penalty is, I will say that I don't think that's relevant in a death penalty proceeding.
COOPER: Well, her father has publicly said that she's opposed to the death penalty.
ALLRED: Well, you know, we don't think it's appropriate to be saying what her position on the death penalty is. What is appropriate is for the jury to listen to the evidence and to weigh the aggravating factors versus the mitigating factors, and see whether the aggravating factors are so substantial that they should decide that he should get the death penalty, or if they're not, that he should get life in prison without the possibility of parole.
They should look at factors such as the nature and the circumstances of the crime. In this case, you have two very vulnerable victims. You have an eight-month pregnant woman. You have a fetus, his own son to be, Connor. And those are very vulnerable victims.
And then on the mitigating side, you have no prior criminal record for Scott Peterson. And I think that they need to hear from the family of Laci Peterson, and the devastating impact that it's had on their lives. They'll make the right decision. And they can decide what sympathetic value to place on any of these factors.
COOPER: Where does Amber Frey go from here? I mean, what was her -- can you talk about what her reaction was to this verdict?
ALLRED: Anderson, just that it was a very emotional day for her. And her feelings towards Scott Peterson are extremely complicated. And all of us who have heard the tapes know why. So it was an emotional day for her. But she's always said that it was for the jury to decide whether or not he was guilty of the double murder charge, and she's always said that God will be the ultimate judge.
COOPER: Do you think the jury will suggest the death penalty?
ALLRED: It's really difficult to predict what they will do here. They could, and they could not. But I don't think it's clear as to what they will do.
They'll hear the evidence, and then they'll deliberate. It may be that they'll also hear from his parents. And they can look at his character, his mental condition, his physical condition. They could hear from Scott Peterson, but I don't think that they will. And so they can take many factors into account.
COOPER: You don't think -- you don't think he'll speak out in his own...
ALLRED: I think it's unlikely. I mean, he could, but I don't think he has any credibility, and I think that would be a mistake to put him on.
COOPER: We're going to leave it there. Gloria Allred, thanks very much for joining us.
ALLRED: Thank you.
COOPER: Well, 360 next, eternal youth, in bed. It's possible, some say, with the newest drugs for both men and women. We're going to get the details, part of our special series ahead.
Also tonight, tracking pills from the plant to the pharmacy. Is your home next? We take radio frequency identification to "The Nth Degree."
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: There's no doubt about it, American culture is in part based on the search for the fountain of youth. Even one of our states, Florida, was discovered by a European looking for a bubbling stream of rejuvenation. Well, nobody ever found it. Many people have discovered that there other ways to be young again.
Tonight as we begin a new series called "Eternal Youth," America's obsession with staying young, Jason Bellini reports on the movement to fight aging with a little help to the libido.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
JASON BELLINI, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): It's the sexual revolution of the new century. Sexual dysfunction is no longer hush hush.
BOB DOLE, FORMER SENATOR: Often called impotence.
BELLINI: Thanks to friendly reminders from the pharmaceutical industry, you can get on in age and still get it on. Urologist, Dr. Natan Bar-Ghama, says it's a whole new world.
(on camera): Isn't it natural that people's libido goes down as they get older.
DR. NATAN BAR-GHAMA, MT. SINAI MEDICAL CENTER: What we thought as natural aging is being challenged by society. UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I call this the six pack.
BELLINI: First came erectile dysfunction drugs, Viagra, then Levitra, and finally Cialis, nicknamed the weekender because it last up to 36 hours. An estimated two million men are using testosterone therapy to among other things, help their waning sex drives. The controversial treatment is now available in patches, pills, gels and injections. Thirty-nine other drugs are in development. Options for women are lagging behind.
BAR-GHAMA: Female sexual dysfunction is more common than male impotence. It's much more complicated. It involves lost of libido, post menopausal changes. Fortunately, new treatments are on the horizon.
BELLINI: The topical cream for women, Femprox, is in phase two clinical trials. Recent studies have also linked reduced levels in women, to lower interest in sex. A testosterone patch for women may soon be on the shelves.
BAR-GHAMA: The testosterone patch for women, the data looks promising. It looks as if it's an extremely effective treatment for women who have lost libido.
BELLINI (on camera): Bottom line is, sex is not just for the young anymore.
BAR-GHAMA: Sex is for the young at heart.
BELLINI: Jason Bellini, CNN, New York.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
COOPER: Joining me from Los Angeles, to talk about the quest for a youthful sex drive, Dr. Jennifer Berman, urologist and sex expert. Thanks for being with us, Doctor.
DR. JENNIFER BERMAN, UROLOGIST: Thank you.
COOPER: There are so many of these products out there now, I mean, a whole bunch of products coming down the pipe line, is there a down side?
I mean, they seem to have fundamentally change relationships and behaviors in some way.
BERMAN: I think the down side would be if people put unrealistic expectations on themselves or women feel like they need to be swinging from the chandeliers or men feel they need to have a marathon 24-hour erection or something along those lines. The point is there is help if dysfunction exists but our expectations need to be realistic.
COOPER: But a lot of times people using these even if dysfunction doesn't exist. I mean, younger and younger people are using them to sort of enhance performance. BERMAN: Well, true, however, what you said about younger and younger people is important because sexual dysfunction is not only a consequence of getting old or a disease that afflicts older people. It is something that happens to younger men, as well as women, and there can be medical physical reasons. So, in those circumstances, drugs such as Viagra, Levitra, Cialis or for that matter testosterone are indicated. But certainly, in terms of enhancing performance, these are drugs and there are real side effects associated with that.
COOPER: So a lot of these pills, I mean, they're not really revving up the sex drive, they're just making one able to perform. You can still have the ability but not the urge.
BERMAN: That is correct for the blood flow enhancing Viagra, Levitra, Cialis, those are arousal-enhancing drugs. Testosterone however, is a hormone, that effects or increases libido and desire in men as well as women.
COOPER: What are the dangers of testosterone replacement therapy for men and for women.
BERMAN: Well, the side effects for testosterone can be if levels get too high for women, weight gain, hair growth, oily skin, masculinization, things that we don't want to have happen. In men, the real serious and significant risk is risk for prostate cancer, if not, and/or enlargement of the prostate gland, because testosterone increases prostate cell density and size. So, that's really something men really need to be aware of and keep on top of is their PSA levels. Their prostate specific antigen levels.
COOPER: And something that should be tested with your doctor. Dr. Jennifer Berman, appreciate you join us. Thanks very much.
BERMAN: Thank you.
COOPER: If you remember that ad with the guy who used -- the guy who used to be called "Wild Thing," well, apparently he won't be back after all. Here's a quick news note for you, drug maker Pfizer is pulling the "Wild Thing" ads for it's impotence drug Viagra. The commercial showed a man regaining his sex drive during a shopping trip, with a voice-over saying, he's back. Today the FDA urged that the ad being removed, stating there's no proof Viagra restores sex drive. It also says the commercials fail to mention risks associated with the drug. Pfizer is preparing a formal response.
Tomorrow when our "Eternal Youth" series continues, break through treatments to looking younger, some methods. Claims to take years off your appearance without any big side effects, but do they actually work?
On Wednesday, the long-life diet. Cutting the calories to live past a hundred. We'll take a look at that.
And Thursday, youth in a bottle, using vitamin and pill cocktails to defy the consequences of aging. See if that's true. And on Friday, young at all costs. A look at the youth obsessed culture. Billions spent on anti-aging products, even teenagers are taking part in it, hard to believe.
360 next though, tracking pill bottles with radio frequency ID. What could be next. We'll take that to "The Nth Degree."
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
COOPER: Tonight, taking tracking to "The Nth Degree." This is incredibly exciting news -- no really. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration and several major pharmaceutical companies today announced a plan fit itty bitty radio antennas to large pill bottles, in an attempt to track their whereabouts and keep them from falling into the hands of counterfeiters. Now the experiment starts with Viagra and OxyContin. Right now, this so called radio frequency identification technology is pretty expensive.
But soon enough, it will be on everything, not just the mega bottles pharmacies get, but on the take-home bottles as well, maybe even on the individual pills. Yes, sir, you take a Viagra and a couple minutes later you get a call from the FDA wanting to making sure that's your wife you're with. But that's nothing. Eventually everything can be kept track of, everything. You know what that means, don't you, sometime in the foreseeable future, human kind will finally be able to achieve something it has dreamt of for centuries, that's right, the single sock will be no more.
I'm Anderson Cooper, thanks for watching 360. Coming up next "PAULA ZAHN NOW."
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