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Hala Gorani Tonight
Latest on ISIS in Iraq; Fighting Cancer; FIFA Scandal Examined; ; ISIS fighting back; Bangladesh files murder charges; Kerry needs medical treatment; TSA failing undercover tests at U.S. security checkpoints; NSA surveillance program expires in U.S.; Preventing the tide of ISIS radicalization; Aftermath of Israel-Hamas conflict; CNN marks 35th anniversary
Aired June 01, 2015 - 15:00 ET
THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.
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[15:00:19] HALA GORANI, HOST: Tonight ISIS strikes back. Extremists target Iraqi forces in a deadly suicide blast as Iraqi war planes bombard
Fallujah. I'll speak to retired U.S. General Stanley McChrystal about the strategy he thinks is needed to combat ISIS.
Plus Jordan's Prince Ali speaks exclusively to CNN just days after conceding FIFA's presidential election to Sepp Blatter.
Also a possible breakthrough in cancer treatment; could the body's own immune system be the key to fighting the disease?
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Hello, everyone, I'm Hala Gorani, we're live at CNN London, and this is The World Right Now.
ISIS is fighting back against the major government offensive carrying out a devastating attack against the Iraqi police in this case.
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A suicide bomber drove a tank packed with explosives into a base south of Samarra killing at least 34 police officers in a single offensive. Dozens
more were wounded. Joint Iraqi forces launched the offensive to re-take two provinces from ISIS after the fall of Ramadi. Critics have said troops
lacked the will to protect the key city, namely the U.S. Defense Secretary. But the speaker of Iraq's Parliament tells CNN they were given an order,
the Iraqi army was to retreat. Listen.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The military command who was present was speaking about a collapse in moral in the army and made a decision in a clear way to give
the order to pull out and after that Ramadi fell. And even the Prime Minister, and the he's the general commander of the armed forces was not
aware of the orders dealing with pulling out and that was led to the big question marks for us.
Who has an interest in a direct way in the arm pulling (inaudible) and not confronting ISIS. And after that ISIS entered Ramadi and controlled it
directly.
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GORANI: This from the parliament speaker in Iraq who's a Sunni politician, let's get right to Arwa Damon in Baghdad. And Arwa, you spoke to an Iraqi
air force commander about this fight against ISIS. What did he have to say about how it's going and what happened in Ramadi?
ARWA DAMON, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Well Hala we spoke to Lt. General Anwar Hamad who is the commander of the Iraqi Air Force
starting off by asking him why it was that it seemed that these air strikes by both the coalition and Iraqi fighter jets were so ineffective when it
comes to trying to stop ISIS from advancing and how ISIS was modifying its own tactics.
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Lt. GENERAL ANWAR HAMAD: Before (inaudible) protecting and they were using some civilian peoples they had (inaudible) and also in the beginning we saw
the convey for the (inaudible) moving between cities especially after most of the operation. But now no, now they are moving they are hiding
themselves, they are using the new technical, sometime they are moving without any weapons.
DAMON: Were you watching ISIS advance to Ramadi?
Lt. GENERAL ANWAR HAMAD: Yes.
DAMON: But if you saw them advancing on Ramadi why was there no strike?
Lt. GENERAL ANWAR HAMAD: We saw him and we striked - we attacked and (inaudible) because of the high numbers of them. I mean not Iraqi force
alone but also the, with the coalition air forces.
DAMON: (inaudible) - technical difficulties.
Lt. GENERAL ANWAR HAMAD: Well they often see me but they hiding themselves in the civilian peoples and now they are not moving. I mean (inaudible)
moving with the convey as many vehicles for that (inaudible) and they prepared themselves for Ramadi, (inaudible) more than one year. For that
yes, they daily they come inside Ramadi hiding there selves between the civilian peoples.
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DAMON: And Hala that is just one of the many ways that ISIS is modifying its battlefield tactics. And as one former senior rocky official that I
was speaking to said his concern is that even today seeing the battlefield as it is he fears that the Iraqi government, the Iraqi forces, the United
States, are all under estimating ISIS' capabilities.
GORANI: All right, our senior international correspondent, Arwa Damon, in Baghdad.
We're going to put some of those questions to our next guest. Let's get some perspective on the fight against ISIS from retired U.S. Army General,
Stanley McChrystal.
[15:05:09] He led the joint special operations command in Iraq over seeing teams that tracked down and eventually killed Abu Musab Al-Zarqawi then Al
Qaeda's leader in Iraq is also a former commander of U.S. and NATO forces in Afghanistan.
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General McChrystal has written a new book drawing on some of his experiences called Team of Teams New Rules of Engagement for A Complex
World, he joins us tonight, from New York.
Thanks, for being with us. What do you make almost a year into - General, a year into these coalition air strikes on ISIS targets of where we are
today?
GENERAL McCHRYSTAL: Well I think we're having a very difficult time with ISIS because I think that in many ways we are miss estimating what they
are. In fact we look at it as a traditional terrorist organization, and they're using terrorist tactics with bombings and cities and what not. And
then we also tend to look at them as a more conventional military force which is able to take cities like Mosul and hold it. And to take cities
like Ramadi using a combination of very frightening tactics leading with suicide bombs.
But even more than those two facts they're wrapping all of this up because they're a digital organization. They're a child of the 21st century and so
they're able to propagate their message just incredibly effectively and incredibly fast to millions and millions of people instantaneously. So
what they do on the battlefield is exponentially more important or more effective because it undercuts the confidence of people at every level that
oppose them.
GORANI: So all that being said, what should be done now? Because you still have coalition air strikes, both in Iraq and Syria. You have
grouping of fighters trying to take back cities like Ramadi very strategically important and symbolically important cities like Ramadi. Yet
it doesn't seem like they're able to do it effectively. So what needs to be done now in your estimation?
McCHRYSTAL: Well I think sort of its self-evident. The first thing we need to do is state clearly what an instate is, what we're trying to do in
the region because if there's not a direction you're going it's pretty hard to get there.
The second is put together a strategy that is credible to people and people will believe that you can actually and have the resolve to implement it.
On the ground I think what we've got to do is not be tempted to just do strikes. Not be tempted to believe that air strikes or drone strikes or
commando raids are a holistic effort against this. We're really got to admit that because this is a hybrid we're going to need to have a team to
take this on and it's going to need to be more than just a few Iraqi forces.
GORANI: But from the beginning we were told this would have to be a combination of tactics and air strikes alone won't do it. However air
strikes, and I don't have to tell you this, work very well in certain situations. If you take Palmyra and Syria for instance, it fell to ISIS
yet there are miles and miles and miles of open desert around Palmyra. This air force commander who spoke to our Arwa Damon said they could see
ISIS moving toward Ramadi.
Why in those instances in particular was air power not used? That's when it would have been best to use it wouldn't it at that point?
McCHRYSTAL: Well in every situation there's a time when certain tools are very effective and air power tends to be effective when you've got open
terrain like that. I think more basically what we don't have a is a unified coalition with clear equities all pointing in the same direction.
And I know that's difficult but if you think of who ISIS is opposing, they're opposing a fragmented collection of entities all of which are
trying to do something that I don't think is joined together into a team of teams.
GORANI: But you have the U.S. leading this coalition and then you have the Iraqi forces on the ground, in the case of Syria of course you don't have
ground troops cooperating with the United States at least technically. So you do have a leader here, you're supposed to have leaders, don't you?
McCHRYSTAL: Yes, I think you are supposed to have that element tied together but I would argue that even inside the Iraqi forces, they're
having difficulty with confidence from the top level down to the lowest level. I think we're going to have to help them build that. We can't do
all of this for them. But you're going to have a networked response to this because ISIS is different. ISIS is more dangerous than things we've
seen before and I don't think we can underestimate it.
GORANI: Now you after all led the team that caught and eventually ended in the death of Abu Musab Al-Zarqawi, the founder of Al Qaeda in Iraq. When
you see what ISIS has become which really is the very early pre-curser Abu - Al Qaeda in Iraq, the very early pre-curser of ISIS, are you surprised at
what you're seeing now?
McCHRYSTAL: Well a little bit. They have shown a growth into the ability to take and hold terrain and actually try to govern in those areas that's
also going to be a vulnerability. But they have really continued to expand their ability to use media. And I can't overstate how important that is
because their recruiting comes from media. Their ability to undercut the confidence of their foes comes from that.
[15:10:06] And the fact that everything they do they get multiples of effect on it because of that is really important.
GORANI: And how does that work because by the way what we're showing our viewers right now is some of that ISIS propaganda video. We can't show
some of the gruesome stuff but you know they do publicize their, the way they treat their enemies and they publicize some of their most violent
acts. How does that multiply their effect on the battlefield in your opinion.
McCHRYSTAL: Well as we found fighting Al Qaeda in Iraq, a car bomb would go off in Baghdad but because they could put it on the internet quickly
they'd get credit and effect for that in Mosul and then all the way to North Africa. ISIS does that many times over and much more professionally.
So what happens is while it frightens us because we see this asymmetric barbarity, what it really does because it plays out to so many people, a
small percentage of that group is fascinated by it. It's a little like the tough people who come into town and it becomes a recruiting tool. There's
finally this group that is willing to do anything to be very, very in opposition to the West and to their opponents. And so I think it's
seductive and I think we've got to understand that as long as they have the ability to give it the impression that they're everywhere and the
impression that they are unbeatable, they're going to be increasingly effective.
GORANI: And what about the Iraqi army? We heard from the Defense Secretary, Ashton Carter, a little more than a week ago saying they lacked
the will to fight. Would you say that there is a problem there?
McCHRYSTAL: It's hard for me to judge the guy in the foxhole. I would say they probably lacked the confidence. They certainly lacked the confidence
in their chain of command when you have movements like that and of course, Prime Minister Maliki, he did some changes in the leadership that I think
undercut much of the fabric of confidence in that organization. If they can't rebuild that it will be very difficult for them to use no matter how
many weapons or ammunition we give them.
GORANI: And finally, if you were to advise the Obama administration right now and its fight against ISIS, what would you say?
McCHRYSTAL: I'd say it's a new and different threat. Don't underestimate, don't simplify it, don't think that we can go with some pinpoint
airstrikes. Similarly I think it's going to be a long term problem to deal with which is going to be as much about building a coalition in the region
as it is going to be about any specific military activity.
GORANI: General Stanley McChrystal, the author of Team of Teams, a new book out, thanks very much for joining us on CNN, we appreciate your time.
McCHRYSTAL: Thank you Hala.
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GORANI: The U.S. Secretary of State, John Kerry is on his way home finally to Boston for medical treatment after breaking his leg in a cycling
accident in France.
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The State Department says Kerry is aboard an American Military aircraft, it left Geneva a few hours ago. Kerry's injury is on the same side
unfortunately where he has had hip surgery and that adds extra concern. He's reportedly though in stable condition but he will not be able to
attend an upcoming anti-ISIS coalition meeting in Paris that is scheduled for tomorrow.
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A quick break. Still to come a potential breakthrough in cancer treatment.
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We'll tell you how researchers think they have unlocked the body's own immune system in this fight. Some fascinating developments. We'll be
right back.
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GORANI: Now, as I was saying on Twitter, it's difficult not to get excited about this because it's a potentially groundbreaking new cancer treatment.
Researchers involved in a new study say that they have found a way to enlist the body's own immune system in the fight.
It's a combination of two drugs and it stopped the progression of melanoma tumors for a year in 58 percent of cases in the trial. So almost 60
percent. However the problem is it showed major side effects in others. So how, promising are the results? Here's Fred Pleitgen.
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FRED PLEITGEN, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: It's one of the deadliest forms of cancer, advanced melanoma is responsible for thousands
of deaths around the world each year.
Pam Smith was diagnosed with skin cancer for the third time. It seemed she'd run out of options. Then she was offered a chance to take part in a
new therapy that appears to be highly efficient.
PAM SMITH: The drugs have shrunk the tumor, they've shrunk it from 9mm down to 4mm. So, and then afterwards they found some like lesions on my
lungs, but even they have shrunk now to like tinier than a pin prick. Every time I go to the hospital now they're giving me good news with the
scans.
PLEITGEN: It's called immunotherapy and essentially teaches our immune system to attack cancer. In this case a combination of two drugs called
ipilimumab and nivolumab were used in an international study which was paid for by the drug maker, Bristol Myers Squibb.
Ann McCarthy, of Cancer Research U.K. explained how the one two punch works.
ANNE MCCARTHY: One of them stops the cancer cells from hiding from the immune system, so it almost unmasks them and unveils (inaudible) system.
The other one works by giving our immune system a boost which means we have more immune cells to target these newly uncovered cancer cells.
(Inaudible)
PLEITGEN: More than 900 terminally ill skin cancer patients took part in this study. In almost 60 percent of cases the disease was either held in
check or tumors shrank.
MCCARTHY: It's been offering new hope to patients with advanced melanoma, something which is massively needed. So the field in general is massively
exciting and this new result is very, very encouraging.
PLEITGEN: Even better news the treatment could work against other forms of cancer as well. But scientists caution a lot more research needs to be
done.
Many of those who took part in the study had major side effects and the drugs didn't produce the same positive results in all participants. But
those involved in the study believe there is a chance that immunotherapy could revolutionize cancer treatment.
Fred Pleitgen, CNN, London.
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GORANI: Now, well if they can manage to do this in China, they should be able to manage pretty much anywhere given how many people smoke there. But
smokers in China will have to start curbing the habit when they're out and about in the capital.
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Smoking is now banned in Beijing's restaurants, offices, hospitals, and on public transport. A new law imposes hefty fines on individuals and
businesses if the ban is violated. There are 300 million smokers in China, and the country is the world's largest consumer of tobacco.
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Out of South Africa where a lion has attacked - a lion has attacked and killed an American tourist, the incident occurred at a game park just
outside Johannesburg.
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The park manager says the woman died while receiving medical care after the lion jumped through an open window of the couple's car. Now this is the
latest in a series of lion attacks at that particular park.
Diana Magnay is just outside the park.
So what happened? I understand the windows of the car were rolled down, what more do we know about how this occurred?
DIANA MAGNAY, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: That's right, Hala, this is a game park, it's called a lion park. It's quite a small area where there
are 60 lions. There's one part of it where you can cub - you can pet the lion cubs and then there's a larger area where the lions roam free. And
there are signs everywhere that say do not roll down your windows and the team here at the lion park also hand out leaflets saying don't, if you are
going on a self-drive, leave your windows open. So they're very clear instructions.
[15:20:01] Unfortunately, this particular women, a female American tourist we believe around 30 years of age was with a male companion in her car, and
according to eye witnesses, they did have their windows open and were photographing the lions and a female, a lioness, came close to the car and
stood about a meter away looking at the car and then leapt in through the passenger window attacking the American tourist. And her companion tried
to fight off the lion, he had injuries to his arm, the paramedics were called, but she died before they could really do anything about it.
So an incredibly tragic incident here. There have been other incidents before in this park, the last just a few months ago when an Australian man
was also bitten by a lion because he had his windows down. But this is the first time that there has been a fatality at the lion park because of this
incident. And it's creating a lot of stir in social media. You have on the one side people saying well this - lions are wild animals and you have
to treat them with respect and you must follow the rules, and nothing must happen to this lion.
And of course on the other hand, this tragedy. The lion has been taken to a separate enclosure in the park, the park owners are now deciding what to
do with the lion and whether to adjust their policies. Whether to continue with this self-driving system, or whether to change that all together,
Hala?
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GORANI: Diana Magnay, just outside that lion park in South Africa, thanks very much.
Coming up when we come back. Prince Ali of Jordan speaks exclusively to CNN about the week that was.
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And life beyond his failed FIFA presidential election bid. Hear what he has to say about Sepp Blatter as well. We'll be right back.
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GORANI: Well the Jordanian Prince Ali bin Al Hussein was seen by some as a true chance for a reform within FIFA during last week's presidential
election.
Unfortunately for those who thought that he lost as FIFA continues to be mired in corruption allegations, the Jordanian Prince has stepped aside as
one of its Vice Presidents.
Earlier he spoke exclusively with CNN's Christiane Amanpour. He said if he were in President Sepp Blatter's shoes he would have stepped down a long
time ago.
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PRINCE ALI BIN AL HUSSEIN: I was obviously totally surprised. Now I think it's sad for the world of football because there's so many great people out
there working for the benefit of the sport. But for sure if obviously if I was in Sepp Blatter's position I would have immediately resigned, and
probably more so ages ago. Because at the end of the day this happened under his watch.
CHRISTIANE AMANPOUR, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: And what do you think? As you say it happened under his watch. What do you think about
his defiance in the face of these indictments. He's called it a little storm not a hurricane but more than that he's called it a hate campaign by
the West, by the United States and Britain; sour grapes almost.
[15:25:04] PRINCE AL HUSSEIN: Yes, I think that that's sort of rather ridiculous and this kind of politicking is again one of the things that is
really damaging for the sport as a whole.
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GORANI: Prince Ali of Jordan; and as he steps aside from football politics, it seems that the spotlight on FIFA is not going away. For more
on this I'm joined by Patrick Snell at CNN Center.
So what do you make of what Prince Ali had to say? He openly criticized Sepp Blatter saying he would essentially if he'd been him stepped down ages
ago.
PATRICK SNELL, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Absolutely, no sign as you say Hala of this going away. It's the fallout considering in a big way for FIFA but
what I will say is this, I think Prince Ali, there's no question he forded an admiral campaign.
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And he says he'll always be connected in some way with the beautiful game but he's not sure if he would run for the presidency again. I say I use
that word admirable, I think he did well. I think he did well to take it to a second round of voting. I think that was impressive, but where was
the heavyweight candidate that was really needed to try and end the rein of Sepp Blatter who's won an unprecedented fifth term. It just wasn't meant.
This is what's food for thought. Real concern really for UAEFA and its president Michel Platini, the Frenchman.
These reports that came out over the weekend that as many as 18 European nations did vote for Blatter. Among them the heavyweight nations of
Russia, Spain, and France. And this with UAEFA officially backing Prince Ali's campaign. That is what's the real concern for UAEFA and Michel
Platini in particular moving forward Hala.
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GORANI: Right so France and Spain among the other European countries voting for Sepp Blatter as you said despite UAEFA's opposition to his fifth
time running for the presidency.
But another interesting development today is that the head of South Africa's Football Association has admitted to paying $10 million to FIFA.
What for and what more do we know?
SNELL: Correct. According to reports certainly Danny Jordaan who was then the president of the local area, the local organizing committee for South
Africa 2010, now the President of the South African Football Association.
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Admitting that a $10 million payment was made but not in exchange for votes. Very categorical about that. It was for the development of the
game in the Concacaf region. That $10 million amount paid to Concacaf, that's the governing body for football in North America, Central America
and the Caribbean region.
But what is raising, what is triggering a red flat here Hala, is that the President of Concacaf at the time was Jack Warner, and he was on that U.S.
FBI indictment list late last week as well. So that is what's triggering the red flat there.
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And remember also among those arrested last week in Zurich, Jeffery Webb, the current Concacaf President as well.
So and in another Concacaf development actually within the last few moments we can confirm that FIFA's suspending provisionally its General Secretary
Enrique Sands as well. So as I say when the fallout to this the whole sorry mess of it all is continuing almost by the hour. Of course keeping
our viewers up to date as things develop. And remember just the context of South Africa 2010, South Africa was the first African country ever to be
named as a World Cup host, beating out Morocco, Hala. Back to you.
GORANI: All right, thanks very much, Patrick Snell. You mention Jack Warner the embattled former FIFA executive, Jack Warner. Let's just say
that what he did in this particular instance can only be called a public relations own goal, he swallowed hole a spoof article by the satirical news
outlet The Onion.
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Warner was cut out by a joke article claiming that in response to FIFA corruption the United States would hold a World Cup starting that very day
and even held up the article for all to see. Take a look.
JACK WARNER: If FIFA is so bad why is it the U.S.A wants to keep FIFA World Cup?
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GORANI: There, and as we mentioned that is an onion article which is a satirical website and not a serious news outlet. Though sometimes one has
to say it is difficult in the world we live in to tell the difference.
Our latest world news headlines just ahead.
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Plus (stemming) the tide, how can the West stop young women who are so enticed by ISIS that they'll go to great lengths to join them in Syria. We
ask Deputy Assistant Commissioner at London's Metropolitan Police.
Plus we'll introduce you to a child who lost his brother and his piece of mind to an Israeli shell. Now he's trying to move on from tragedy, that's
later in this show.
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[15:32:23] HALA GORANI, HOST: Our top story this hour on THE WORLD RIGHT NOW - ISIS is fighting back against a major government offensive, carrying
out a devastating attack against Iraqi police. A suicide bomber drove a tank packed with explosives into a base south of Samara, killing at least
34 police officers. Dozens more were wounded.
Police in Bangladesh have filed murder charges against 42 people over that deadly clothing factory collapse two years ago. The building's owners and
several government officials are among them. More than 1,100 people were killed in the accident.
The American Secretary of State, John Kerry, is due to arrive in Boston - Boston for treatment in the hours ahead. An American military plane is
flying him home after he broke his leg Sunday while cycling in France. Kerry was there to attend an anti-ISIS coalition meeting.
And the TSA, the Transportation Security Administration - we all know them in American airports - well, they've been put to the test at security
checkpoints throughout the U.S., and they have failed with a capital F. Government officials say TSAs screeners failed in 95 percent of undercover
tests designed to challenge them.
They let through guns. They let through explosives - you name it. And they all passed through security save for five percent of the test cases.
Now, the U.S. National Security Agency has fewer teeth right now, because law makers have allowed provisions of the Patriot Act to lapse. At this
moment, the NSA cannot legally collect the telephone data of millions of Americans. Now, the agency launches an investigation. Today, officials
can't secure what's called a "roving wiretap." Instead, they had to get a warrant for each phone that a suspect might be using.
Also, lone wolves are currently safe from the NSAs tools, because officials must prove a connection to a foreign terrorist organization, which isn't
always possible with homegrown situations.
Political brinksmanship in Washington brought about this disruption, and that is where we find our Athena Jones. So, let's talk first of all about
law makers and what they're saying about the political situation and how it could have an impact on security.
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ATHENA JONES, CNN REPORTER, WASHINGTON, D.C.: Hi, Hala. Well, of course, it depends on who you talk to how dire of a situation this is. But people
who want to make sure that those NSA programs don't lapse for long say that letting them lapse is like unilaterally - unilaterally, excuse me,
disarming in the face of terrorists, people who want to do America harm.
[15:35:06] Of course, on the other side, you have critics who say, you know, the government could not point to a single instance where this bulk
collection of phone data - of everyone in the country - led to the thwarting of a terrorist attack, or a terrorist plot or saved any lives.
So, it really depends on who you ask how dire it is that these programs aren't functioning right now, Hala.
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GORANI: Now, the Patriot Act is really - it's a piece of American legislation. But it's known around the world. Many have criticized it for
giving government too much power over its own citizens in the name of national security. How do Americans view the Patriot Act in particular?
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JONES: Well, this is interesting. Our own CNN/ORC poll - poll just out today shows a good amount of support for it. Sixty-one percent of those
polled believe that this - that the program should be renewed. Only 36 percent say it should be allowed to expire as, of course, these provisions
have.
Of course, the (INAUDIBLE) is hard at work making sure that they are able to pass a bill that will get those programs back online. But here's
another interesting point that we found in our poll. Fifty-two percent of people believe that, if this law is not renewed, the risk of terrorism here
in the U.S. would remain the same. So, they wanna see the programs back, but only - but 52 percent said not having them back - the - the risk of
terrorism will remain the same.
Forty-four percent believe that without these programs the risk will rise. But what's interesting here is that the incidents - the Republicans - among
Republicans - 61 percent of Republicans believe that the risk of terrorism will rise if you don't reinstate this program.
That number is highest among Republicans in particular, which is very, very interesting given the fact that Sen. Rand Paul is a Republican running for
the Republican nomination for president. And, so, it will be interesting to see how his numbers fare after he's been one of the loudest voices
against these domestic surveillance programs.
Hala?
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GORANI: They sure will be in it the debate that is a Washington debate but that has captured the attention of many internationally.
Athena Jones, thanks very much. She's joining us live from Washington.
Now, while the world watches on in horror at the march of ISIS through Iraq and Syria, for some - and this is always difficult to understand. When we
watch propaganda video of ISIS, we're appalled. But, for some, it can be alluring.
ISIS targets teenage girls with promises of love and a life of Jihad, married to a fighter. Atika Shubert looks at two British twins who made
the move from teenager to ISIS bride.
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ATIKA SHUBERT, CNN CORRESPONDENT, LONDON: Last year Salma and Zahra Halane were popular, high-achieving teenagers. But in summer 2014, authorities
say they left their home in England for Syria and got married off to fighters shortly after. In a little more than a year, from bubbly teens to
Jihadi brides, and now it seems widows.
Tweets from an account believed to belong to Zahra celebrating their husband's deaths as ISIS martyrs. There's this photo of rifle practice,
and most recently cheering on the terror attack.
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UNIDENTIFIED MALE: (INAUDIBLE)
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SHUBERT: The sisters were believed to be following in the footsteps of their brother, Akmed (ph) Halane, the first in the family to leave the U.K.
for the battlefields of Syria in 2013, according to authorities.
A community leader confirms he is now in Aarhus (ph), Denmark, apparently leaving the war behind. So, would his sisters be able to do the same? Not
likely, says Counter Extremism Researcher, Erin Saltman.
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ERIN SALTMAN, SENIOR COUNTER EXTREMISM RESEARCHER, INSTITUE FOR STRATEGIC DIALOGUE, LONDON: If you are a female and you journey to ISIS territory,
it is ten times harder for you to return back to western society.
We have a few hundred cases of men that have returned through various means, disillusioned with what they experienced. But, for women, it's
almost impossible. We only have a handful of cases. And this is because just to leave your house you're supposed to have male permission and then a
male chauffeur or escort to take you around.
Once you arrive in ISIS territory your passport is confiscated or destroyed. So, for you to try to leave and wander towards the border, it's
almost impossible.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
SHUBERT: The Halane family has lived in Denmark before and the country's voluntary de-radicalization program makes it a more welcome home for
returning fighters and former extremists. The family has not responded for CNN's request for comment. And police won't confirm whether Akmed (ph)
Halane is part of the Danish program.
Counselors in the U.K., meanwhile, have been arguing for a similar de- radicalization program. Rafaat Mughal counsels the families of Syrian recruits with her charity, JAN Trust.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
RAFAAT MUGHAL, FOUNDER, JAN TRUST (ph): We need to support those who do return with the intent of reintegrating them back into society, because
they can be a powerful voice as well to deter those who may be thinking of going over to Syria to be part of ISIS.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
SHUBERT: But the odds are against Salma and Zahra. Of more than a hundred western women known to be in ISIS' hands, only five are believed to have
returned home.
[15:40:11] Atika Shubert, CNN, London.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
GORANI: So, what can western governments do to try to stop the flow of women and young girls - in fact, young people in general - heading to
Syria? Let's ask Helen Ball. She is Scotland Yard's Deputy Assistant Commissioner here in London. Thanks for being with us.
HELEN BALL, DEPUTY ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER, METROPOLITAN POLICE: Good evening, thank you for having me.
GORANI: So, when you see a story like that - and you were telling me there, while Atika Shubert's piece was running, that you've counted about
30, or 30 young women have been reported missing by their families that you suspect might have headed to Syria. What's going on here do you think?
What's the attraction?
BALL: Yes, that's right. That 30 is about the number since the beginning of 2014, whose families have reported them missing. And their families are
torn apart. Many of them didn't know that their girls were going to travel.
What's attracting them? There's a range of different things, and there's no one thing for one person. Some of them are definitely, we think,
looking for their purpose in life - what's my life going to add up to? Am I going to be part of this faith building that, you know, they've been told
a story about what ISIL is up to?
Some of them - they are looking for the romance, the adventure perhaps of marrying a fighter. The tragedy of it is that, of course, they are going
to have a sexual partner chosen for them - maybe someone much older than themselves. They'll have no choice in the matter. So, this - this title
"jihadi bride" - actually, they're going to be someone's sexual slave.
GORANI: Right. Now, this - the effort is an effort of prevention.
BALL: Yes.
GORANI: So, how do - how does the police force identify - try to identify young people who are vulnerable - and then prevent them from traveling? I
mean, how do you, in practice, try to achieve this?
BALL: Well, we -we don't do it all by ourselves. So, right (ph) throughout Britain we've formed a group of women who are willing to work
with police to advise us on how to go about raising the awareness of families. And that's where we've particularly focused.
So, we know about how influential mothers are over their daughters, and we've particularly focused on raising the awareness of mothers - talking to
them about the sorts of signs and symptoms they might see if their daughters are thinking of traveling to Syria, and helping them to build the
trust in us that means they can come forward and trust us to work with them.
GORANI: What are the signs?
BALL: Well, there's a range of different signs.
GORANI: Yes.
BALL: Sometimes a girl might be asking for identity documents - passports, maybe not her own, but those of female members of her family who look like
her. Sometimes they will go and see members of the family they haven't seen for a while. And they won't quite say goodbye, but it's almost as if
they want to see that person before they travel.
GORANI: Yes, in the famous case of these three British teenagers - and this is the story that made headlines all around the world - left from
Britain with identity - I mean they - they found a way to get them (INAUDIBLE) TV footage. They ended up in Istanbul. We believe they are
now in ISIS-controlled territory in Syria. But when they were in school - I mean - you hear their parents and you hear their families, and they're at
a loss. They really missed every sign.
BALL: Oh, for many of these families, there are no signs. And you're right - at a loss is exactly right. They come to us, and they are
devastated. They're so frightened about what might happen to their daughters now that they've traveled.
But we also do have families coming forward who are saying I'm concerned. I have seen some of these signs and symptoms.
GORANI: So, do you think that by establishing a relationship of trust with some families that you - that the police and other organizations as well
working in - in coordination with each other, have been able to prevent a young person - a young girl - from traveling?
BALL: Yes, I do. Not all the credit, by any means, goes to police. It is very much with the whole, big partnership that we've created. And also
many people in communities are now alert to this awful problem, and they themselves are looking out for the signs and talking to the girls
themselves.
GORANI: I spoke a few months ago to Dal Babu, who was the chief superintendent until 2013, the highest ranking, I believe, Asian in the
Metropolitan Police. He had - he criticized the counter terrorism operations within the police in the U.K. saying mainly they're - they're
white officers. They don't know the cultural nuisances in the Muslim community. Did you think there's something that can be improved there as
far as the approach of police in some of the communities affected?
BALL: I've - I've heard this criticisms, and there is always things that can be improved. But I don't think that Dal Babu is up-to-date. We have
more senior Muslim police officers now than he was. And he was very specific about the Prevent program - a government program to prevent people
getting involved in extremism - and a sense among some communities that that was just a sort of front for spying.
[15:45:14] Actually...
GORANI: With the cameras, et cetera. (INAUDIBLE)
BALL: Yes, there's - there's a lot of things mixed in. But what we're doing wholeheartedly is trying to protect young people from making really,
really dangerous decisions. And it's important that communities do trust us to work with us.
GORANI: And, Helen Ball, quickly, if these girls are returned home, they might be concerned they will be arrested and prosecuted. What happens to
them next?
BALL: Well, I dearly hope they will return home. I dearly hope, if they want to come home, that they are allowed to come home. We will want to
speak to them. We will want to interview them and understand what has happened, what they've done, and we will work with them and their families
in that process. So, we need to investigate what they've done. Everyone would expect that to happen. But we can do that in a supportive way.
GORANI: Helen Ball, the Deputy Assistant Commissioner of Scotland Yard. Thanks so much for joining us on CNN. We appreciate your coming in.
We'll be right back - almost a year on from the last major Israeli-Hamas conflict. Gaza is still filled with rubble. We'll introduce you to one
boy - just keep in mind is in ruins as well. We'll be right back.
(COMMERICAL BREAK)
[16:59:25] GORANI: People in Gaza are still struggling to rebuild their lives almost a year after the last extended conflict between Israel and
Hamas. Take a look at this remarkable aerial view of the damage that remains in Gaza nearly a year on. It is absolutely - basically a
(INAUDIBLE) pile of rubble in many places.
The U.N. also says more than 2,000 people died. Our Nic Robertson met a Palestinian boy who survived an Israel shelling. But we wanna warn you -
Nic's report contains images of this child just after he was wounded.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
NIC ROBERTSON, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Summer has come to Gaza again. With his friends, Montassa (ph) Bakr, in the green vest,
appears to be enjoying it - liberating, then launching (INAUDIBLE) fishing boat - splashing around in the waves - smiles aplenty. But all is not as
it seems.
Ten months ago, on this same beach, this was Montassa (ph) bloodied by an Israeli shell. His closest brother and three cousins he'd been playing
football with were killed.
Can you tell us the places that you got hurt when the bombs fell? He is quiet - points to his elbow - says his back hurts too. But it's not just
his body in pain - his mind too.
Today - what do you remember happening that day?
MONTASSA (ph): (INAUDIBLE)
[15:50:05] ROBERTSON: He can't speak about it - struggles even to concentrate. His father, Ehad, tells me the attack changed his son. He is
angry, can't sleep, has nightmares. The doctor gave him pills to calm him down, he says, but no one here can make him better.
At his family's graveyard, overlooking the sea, Ehad shows me where his son and grandson - Montassa's (ph) brother and cousin killed in the attack are
buried. For six generations the Bakr family have laid their kin here - all fishermen. They are used to hardship, but this is different - a parent's
pain, losing a child.
EHAD BAKR, FATHER OF MONTASSA (ph) BAKR (via translator): I die a hundred times every day when I see Monteseer (ph) in front of me, and I can't do
anything for him. We can't forget the incident. It's as if every day, every minute, and every second I see my children cut up in front of me.
ROBERTSON: Within a day of those rockets striking the beach here, the Israeli military said there would be a careful inquiry, and that a
preliminary investigation determined that the intended target was Hamas terrorists' operatives. And the fact that there were civilian casualties
was a tragic outcome. Today Israeli patrol boats are still just offshore, and the investigation is still ongoing.
In the harbor, Ehad shows me some of his family's fishing boats. They are one of Gaza's biggest fishing families. He was telling me the family have
about a thousand of the smaller type of boats here, and perhaps twenty, twenty-five of the larger boats in his extended family. Since the attack,
he's lost heart in fishing. His own boat is idle. He blames Israel for the shelling that shattered his family. But he also blames Palestinian
leaders for not making peace.
BAKR (via translator): Everyone in power here looks after their own interests, he says. We are stuck with nothing. "Is this a life? he asks.
His son, Montassa (ph) wants a better future too.
ROBERTSON: Gonna be a fisherman like your dad one day?
MONTASSA (ph): (INAUDIBLE)
ROBERTSON: He nods, yes. It's a dream, but if he is to realize it, someone must first rid him of his nightmares.
Nic Robertson, CNN, Gaza.
(END VIDEO TAPE)
GORANI: Still to come tonight
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The skies over Baghdad have been illuminated. We're seeing bright splashes.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
GORANI: We look back on CNN's coverage of the first Gulf war, as we mark being on the air for 35 years.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: They just cut the line.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
[17:00:40] GORANI: Monday marks a special anniversary here at CNN. We went on the air 35 years ago as the world's first 24-hour news network.
And one of the most defining times in all of our coverage was our reporting on the first Gulf war where we were inside Baghdad as the bombs fell. To
mark the anniversary, here is a look back at that.
[15:55:05]
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We're going to Bernard Shaw in Baghdad. (INAUDIBLE)
BERNARD SHAW, FORMER CNN ANCHOR: Out of my mouth came the words, "Something is happening outside." You're damn right something is
happening. War is breaking out all around you.
UNIDENTIFIED SPEAKER: The skies over Baghdad have been illuminated. We're seeing bright splashes going off all over the sky.
SHAW: The walls were shaking. The windows were vibrating. The concussions were blowing us against the wall.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: So, we've now been on the air 20 minutes?
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Now the sirens are sounding for the first time. The Iraqis have informed us.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: the line goes dead.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: They just cut the line.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Everybody is stunned. And it is totally silent. And you can feel the tension in that room.
SHAW (ph): And John Holliman said, "It's a battery. The battery's dead."
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: And of course our biggest fright was that the bomb had hit the hotel where they were.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Hello Baghdad?
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The line's dead!
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: There was a hush in the control room.
SHAW (ph): They were running around trying to find the batteries. We find that Holliman does a workaround.
HOLLIMAN, FORMER (DECEASED) CNN NATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Hello, Atlanta.
SHAW (ph): And we come back on the air.
HOLLIMAN: Atlanta, this is Holliman. I don't know whether you're able to hear me now or not, but I'm going to continue to talk to you as long as I
can.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: And there's a collective sigh. And you see shoulders drop down as the tension leaves people's bodies.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The whole world was watching CNN. We were the only ones who had reporters in Baghdad.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
GORANI: I remember that night as well. I was nineteen years old, watching it on my TV, and I feel like I remember every minute of - of that coverage.
Finally, then, this hour - an incredible record-breaking feat out of California. If you weren't feeling like an underachiever today, well this
might do the trick. It certainly worked for me.
A 92-year-old cancer survivor has become the oldest woman to finish a marathon. Harriette Thompson ran a marathon Sunday, finishing in just over
seven hours and twenty-four minutes. She's completed the same marathon 15 times before.
All right, that's going to do it for us. I'm Hala Gorani.
"Quest Means Business" is next.
[15:57:22]
END
