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Hala Gorani Tonight

Zelenskyy Calls Russian Atrocities In Bucha "Genocide"; British Foreign Secretary Liz Truss Calls for "Maximum Level of Sanctions" on Russia; Macron Calls for Total Ban on Russian Coal and Oil Exports to the European Union; Kharkiv Residents Try To Create Normalcy In Bomb Shelters; Russian Forces Leave Bucha Strewn With Bodies; Prime Minister Viktor Orban Scores Crushing Victory. Aired 2-3p ET

Aired April 04, 2022 - 14:00   ET

THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.

[14:00:00]

MICHAEL HOLMES, CNN INTERNATIONAL HOST: Hello, everyone, and welcome, I'm Michael Holmes coming to you live from the CNN Center. Ukraine's president

says Russian atrocities in the suburb of Kyiv are war crimes, and will be recognized by the world as, quote, "genocide". Volodymyr Zelenskyy visiting

the town of Bucha on -- today where horrific scenes have emerged after Russian forces were pushed out.

We do warn you the next images are very disturbing, hard to watch, but important to show the world. Bodies found in the streets, some with their

hands tied behind their backs, others with signs of torture. Dozens buried in a mass grave, Mr. Zelenskyy says he wants, quote, "every mother of every

Russian soldier to see pictures of the dead." He asked, quote, "what did they do? Why were ordinary civilians in an ordinary peaceful city killed?"

And he pointed out that one victim was killed by simply riding his bicycle.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

VOLODYMYR ZELENSKYY, PRESIDENT, UKRAINE (through translator): It is very important to us that the press is here. The journalists are here and that's

just the main thing. We want you to show the world what happened here. What the Russian military did. What the Russian federation did in peaceful

Ukraine. It was important for you to see that these were civilians.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

HOLMES: CNN's Fred Pleitgen visited Bucha to see these atrocities firsthand. And another warning for you, his report contains very

disturbing, graphic images.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

FREDERIK PLEITGEN, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): As Russian forces retreat from the area north of Kyiv, in their wake, scenes

of utter destruction. Whole blocks of houses flattened. Ukrainian authorities saying that they believe dead bodies are still lying

underneath. But here, the dead also lay in the open. Ukrainian national police showed us this mass grave in Bucha, saying they believed up to 150

civilians might be buried here, but no one knows the exact number.

People killed while the Russian army occupied this town. This is what it looks like when the hope is crushed. Vladimir(ph) has been searching for

his younger brother Dmitry(ph). Now he's convinced Dmitry(ph) lies here even though he can't be a 100 percent sure. The neighbor accompanying him

with strong words for the Russians. "Why do you hate us so much?" She asks. "Since the 1930s, you've been abusing Ukraine, you just want to destroy us.

You want us gone. But we will be, everything will be OK. I believe it."

Video from Bucha shows bodies in the streets after Russian forces left the area. Some images even show bodies with hands tied behind their backs. The

Russian Defense Ministry denies killing civilians and claims images of dead civilians are, quote, "fake". But we met a family just returning to their

house in Borodyanka, which they say was occupied by Russian soldiers. They show us the body of a dead man in civilian clothes they had found in the

backyard.

His hands and feet tied with severe bruises and a shell casing still laying nearby. Russia's military appears to have suffered heavy losses before

being driven out of the area around Kyiv. This column of armored vehicles in Bucha completely destroyed.

(on camera): The way the Ukrainians tell us is that the Russians were trying to go towards Kyiv, and they were then intercepted by Ukrainian

drones, artillery and also the javelin anti-tank weapons. It's not clear how many Russians were killed here, but they say many were, and others fled

the scene.

(voice-over): A national police officer says the Russian troops were simply too arrogant.

"They thought they could drive on the streets and just go through", he says, "that they would be greeted as though it's all right." Maybe they

think it is normal to drive around looting, to destroy buildings and to mock people, but our people didn't allow it." And now, it appears all the

Russians have withdrawn from here, Ukraine says it is now in full control of the entire region around Kyiv. But it is only now that the full extent

of the civilian suffering is truly coming to light.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

HOLMES: Fred Pleitgen reporting there. Now, the mayor of Bucha says Russian forces killed quote, "indiscriminately". He told CNN that children

are among the dead as well as many elderly residents.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

MAYOR ANATOLY FEDORUK, BUCHA, UKRAINE (through translator): You get the impression that the Russian occupiers have got the green light from Putin

and Shoygu; the Russian Defense Minister to have a Safari in Ukraine.

[14:05:00]

And they weren't able to take Kyiv, so they vented their frustration on Bucha and the surrounding areas. And we will never forgive the Russian

people, not personally, not individually, but on the whole. We will not forgive the Russian people for the atrocities that happened here.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

HOLMES: Now, the killings in Bucha have triggered international outrage as you might imagine, and cause for tougher action against Russia. The

European Union says it is urgently discussing a new round of sanctions. French President Emmanuel Macron said he wants to see a total block on

Russian exports of coal and oil to the EU, and he wants that to happen this week.

The British Foreign Secretary Liz Truss met in Poland today with Ukraine's foreign minister backing his call for tougher sanctions. Dmytro Kuleba said

he invites anyone who hesitates to impose harsher penalties to come visit Bucha and stand before the mass grave.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

DMYTRO KULEBA, MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, UKRAINE: Half measures are not enough anymore. I demand from our partners on behalf of the victims of

Bucha and the people of Ukraine to take the most severe sanctions against Russia this week. This is not the request of Ukraine's foreign minister.

This is the plea from the victims of rape, torture, and killings.

LIZ TRUSS, SECRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN, COMMONWEALTH & DEVELOPMENT AFFAIRS: The idea that we should wait for something else about to happen

is just completely wrong. The worst has already happened. You know, we have already seen appalling atrocities committed in Ukraine with complete

impunity. And that is why we want to go to the maximum level of sanctions.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

HOLMES: Let's talk about all of this with Nic Robertson who joins me now live from Brussels. Good to see you, my friend. Now, Germany's finance

minister said today, quote, "we must end all economic relations with Russia as soon as possible." I mean, how much further might Europe go in terms of

sanctions in light of what we are seeing in Bucha and elsewhere, for that matter?

NIC ROBERTSON, CNN INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMATIC EDITOR: Yes, I think the German finance minister gave a clue to the limits for Germany at least,

because he said if we were to stop taking gas from Germany, he said that would put Germany into a recession. We heard a similar thing from a senior

German banker earlier in the day. There is certainly a degree of unanimity that more action must be taken. And the question is what action?

And a lot of it at the moment does focus on Russia's energy exports. And the simple reason for that is, Russia gets a huge amount of money from

European Union nations, estimated at the moment to be in excess of $20 billion that the European Union countries have given to Russia for Russia's

energy export since Russia invaded Ukraine. So it's a huge amount of money. The problem is, take a country like Lithuania that over the weekend the

prime minister said we're going -- we are the first European Union nation to completely stop importing Russian gas.

They have access to other sources of gas. Take Latvia, the other -- another Baltic nation, just next door, equally concerned about Russia's actions in

Ukraine, and what it may mean for the Baltic states, saying well, in essence, we need to continue to buy gas because they -- from Russia because

they don't have other alternatives. So, while there's agreement, more must be done. it's finding that sort of sweet spot, if you will.

Where there is also agreement here at the European Union is, who is responsible? Because they've been hearing a lot today from Russia, saying

actually, these videos are doctored, and it's fake and this isn't true. This is what the European Union foreign policy spokesman said about that.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

PETER STANO, FOREIGN AFFAIRS SPOKESPERSON, EUROPEAN COMMISSION: These areas about which we talk have been under the occupation, under the control

of the aggressor of the Russian troops or they've been bombed out by the aggressor, the Russian troops. So, of course, there is no one else who

could have committed these atrocities.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

ROBERTSON: So it doesn't seem as if the European Union is going to be deflected by what Moscow is trying to do here to change the narrative and

confuse and muddy the waters, but quite where they're going to agree on the next sanctions or on what those sanctions will be precisely, just isn't

clear at the moment, Michael. It's certainly the sense that something must be done, it's really there. But as we've seen before, not everyone aligns

fully in the EU. They have different positions. Different needs.

HOLMES: Yes, and of course, you know, Hungary is in the U.N., and its leader Viktor Orban was just re-elected.

[14:10:00]

He takes a very hard line in his support in many ways for Vladimir Putin. How does that complicate the European position when it comes to unity? They

have unity, but there's devil in the detail.

ROBERTSON: There is --

(COUGHING)

Excuse me, there is certainly. And I think Viktor Orban two weeks ago before he went into election at the weekend might have been mindful

slightly on his positioning on all of this, because the opposition in Hungary was using the war in Russia as part of that war in Ukraine,

Russia's war in Ukraine, as sort of part of their campaign against Orban. Now, Orban's won that election. So he doesn't sort of have political

vulnerability at home.

And he said over the weekend after coming in ahead in the polling in Hungary over the weekend, he said that actually, he sees Zelenskyy as the

opposition. And you know, President -- Prime Minister Orban was one of the last European Union leaders to visit President Putin before the war began,

and Putin made very clear at that stage that he sees energy supplies to Europe as a political tool.

And he reminded Orban in public, full view of the cameras, you get gas from us, Russia at a discounted rate. You're getting it over a long period at a

discounted rate. That -- you know, shows Putin's mindset on how he will use energy supplies for Europe. But it also shows how much Orban is in hawk, if

you will, to Putin over this. And saying that he used Zelenskyy as opposition is a signal to other leaders in the European Union that, getting

Orban's support for whatever they decide is not a given, and they will have to work at it.

HOLMES: Yes, finally, before I let you go, I wanted to play some sound from a Ukrainian MP which seems relevant to all of this. Let's have a

listen.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

OLEKSIY GONCHARENKO, UKRAINIAN MP: In each gallon of Russian oil, there is Ukrainian blood. In each cubic meter of Russian gas, there is Ukrainian

blood. Is it normal for civilized countries to buy blood of innocent people and to pay for this?

(END VIDEO CLIP)

HOLMES: It really does point to, you know, the emotional pressure on Europe from the reality of what is happening on the ground, and Europe's

own sort of realities that they face when they want to turn the lights on.

ROBERTSON: Yes, that reality, the figure we were talking about, just to state it again, because it's --

HOLMES: Yes --

ROBERTSON: Such a substantial amount. This blood money that he's essentially talking about, already more than $20 billion from the EU to

Russia. And we heard from Liz Truss, of course, the U.K. not in the EU anymore, talking about, well, the U.K. trying to find its own timeline to

rid itself of the need for Russian gas, Russian coal, Russian oil. European nations, the U.K. and others have become used to over the years, as Russia

as a key energy supplier.

And the warnings have been there all along that, that potentially leaves them politically vulnerable, and now they're finding that. They're

certainly voicing strong support for Ukraine, but there's a limit to how far they can go. And this is going to be something they'll have to balance

with their publics, particularly when public's perception is that Russia in this is guilty of these war crimes or alleged war crimes, if you will.

That's a lot of public pressure on politicians to do something and act. And there's a limit to how far they can go.

HOLMES: Yes, always a great summary. Nic Robertson, appreciate it there in Brussels, good to see you. Well, as Ukrainian forces fight to liberate

areas around the capital, many including Ukraine's foreign minister fear the horrors we're seeing in Bucha are just the beginning. Joining me now

via Skype from Kyiv is Tymofiy Mylovanov; he is an adviser to President Zelenskyy and a former minister of Economic Development and Trade in

Ukraine. So we have seen these horrific scenes in Bucha. But you've been saying you expect even worse to emerge in other places.

TYMOFIY MYLOVANOV, ADVISER TO VOLODYMYR ZELENSKYY: Yes, we have eyewitness accounts from a different area through teachers that we know personally who

taught, you know, pupils, and now some of them are young ladies, others are adults in northwest -- northeast of Kyiv. Bucha is in northwest. It's on a

different bank of Dnipro river, and there is a different direction, Brovary, which also has been recently liberated.

The network of religious is slightly different. They are remote and smaller, several houses. So, here's an example from Lykodi Maka(ph). A

person, a young boy had a Molotov cocktail found in his house.

[14:15:00]

So, Russians threw this cocktail towards over his head and burned him alive. Another person from a different village reports a number of young

females raped and executed. In yet, another village, you know, it's difficult to say. I know some of these people, so --

HOLMES: Yes --

MYLOVANOV: Please, I'm sorry.

HOLMES: No, I understand. Carry on.

MYLOVANOV: All right, another village, and we lost control with that village, people reported -- and again, this all has to be documented, that

it's not just my words. So, at this point, alleged and reported. But you know, I know some of these people --

HOLMES: Yes --

MYLOVANOV: And so they were calling, and that Russian troops took all food away, and prohibited people from exiting houses and village to find food,

and everyone who tried was shot.

HOLMES: That's extraordinary --

MYLOVANOV: And we lost contact with that village.

HOLMES: These are horrific stories --

MYLOVANOV: It's a small village --

HOLMES: And as you say, they need to be documented. They need to be used as evidence in whatever war crimes tribunals are set up. I want to know

your reaction though, because Russia says it's fake news, that the scenes in Bucha essentially were staged or faked. I mean, what do you and the

president you advise say to that?

MYLOVANOV: Well, you know, Russia is lying and everyone has seen it. And they said the areas which were under their control and, you know, everyone

-- you know, that's been documented on social networks by their soldiers. That they control this. It's been geo-tracked. It's been -- you know, there

is no -- there is no single fact that shows that Ukrainian troops or anyone was in those villages. Ukrainian troops, of course, resist and disrupted

supply lines, but these specific remote areas -- you know, my wife's mother is from that village, one of the villages.

And she was receiving calls daily, so I know it for a fact that Russian troops were there. And you know, she works in a hospital, and a nurse from

that hospital was executed, shot by Russians, and first, they shot her nephew, a young boy, her nephew -- sorry, a grandkid, you know, like

grandson, and then they shot her.

And you know, my wife's mother is just devastated. You know, what can I say to that? I mean, it's just, you know, it's a disease. It's a Russian

disease. I don't know. It's wrong. It's not humanity anymore. That's what I say to it.

HOLMES: How might what's unfolding here, this evidence that you're talking about in which, you know, our teams have seen with their own eyes. How

might that impact talks or the possibility of talks with Russia? I mean, Mr. Zelenskyy says Bucha makes it difficult to negotiate with Russia.

Russia has said pretty much the same thing. How does that complicate the chance of talks?

MYLOVANOV: I think we will negotiate for peace. We are just worried that Russia does not do that in good faith, and it just uses this tactic to

delay, to regroup, and to come up with counterattack. And we have seen that done since 2014 in Minsk one and Minsk two talks where, you know, I've been

in some of these groups, although, I have not been on negotiation teams when I was in the government and later when I was advising.

You know, the way they do it just before the negotiations, they step up pressure, military pressure. That's their understanding or that's their

logic of pressuring people. So they always negotiate from the position of power. They try to -- you know, if you remember Minsk one and Minsk two,

how they were. They were negotiated after there were decisive losses for Ukrainian military in the bouts of -- ill-advised.

HOLMES: Yes.

MYLOVANOV: And I think what has to happen in Ukraine, at least, that's what, you know, that's what Russia is planning on, and they were trying to

do it with Kyiv. That didn't work. Now they're trying to do it with Mariupol and the east of Ukraine, and that's not working.

HOLMES: Yes --

MYLOVANOV: But really inflate massive losses on Ukrainian side that Ukraine surrenders. So they negotiate from a position of power, but I think

that's not going to be the case this time. It's just my heart goes out to those people who will not see the day --

HOLMES: Yes --

MYLOVANOV: When it's over.

HOLMES: Yes, and you're right. I mean, Ukrainians are not giving in at all. That as a tactic is not working, but it's costing a lot of lives. I

mean, you and I last spoke when I was in Lviv, and we talked about economic damage being done to your country. When it comes to pressuring Russia,

sanctions and so on, sanctions, of course, take time to work.

[14:20:00]

What can be done in an economic sense that would have an immediate impact?

MYLOVANOV: Two types of sanctions. One is that, everyone is talking about their sort of conventional sanctions because they work across the economy.

But you know, even today, Russia earns -- I don't know, $300 million a day on oil and gas, and essentially, it continues to be profitable. So it can

run, you know, forever. So unless there is gas and oil embargo, nothing is going to really work in Russia as a sanction.

And I know it's really costly for the western politicians, but Ukraine has gone through this. We also were subsidized, and we also thought the

Danes(ph) were getting, you know, good deals in gas from Russia. See where it got us? And I think, you know, there's a false hope to believe that

somehow you can manage with Russia and find a middle ground, you know, with their economy. You just have to cut off, and sooner you do it, better it

is.

And also it's ethically and morally proper. And then there's high precision sanctions. Those can work faster. This is sanctions on critical imports

which are required for Russia to be able to operate military equipment, modernize it or repair it. So, example is recently -- as recent as, you

know, several weeks ago, Bosch was supplying heating equipment, I think to the tanks, and some of French companies were supplying high precision

equipment.

And you know, the amount of money on those contractors, they're really small like, you know, 100 million euros over a year or two. So Russia would

be able to afford it, but it's that critical equipment that allows them to use high precision weapons --

HOLMES: Yes --

MYLOVANOV: To bomb Ukrainian cities. And I think that has to stop.

HOLMES: Tymofiy Mylovanov, an adviser to President Zelenskyy, also an economist in his own right. Good to speak to you again, and I hope you're

doing well. Thanks so much.

MYLOVANOV: Thank you.

HOLMES: All right, we're going to take a break when we come back, Russian shells have reduced parts of Ukraine's second largest city to rubble. We'll

show you how civilians in Kharkiv are pushing through and trying to give their children a taste of normal life. We'll be right back.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

[14:25:00]

HOLMES: Welcome back. Human Rights Watch has accused Russian forces of committing war crimes against civilians in Kharkiv. Russian troops have

bombarded the city indiscriminately. The regional military governor said just yesterday Russians fired on a city district and killed civilians.

Christiane Amanpour takes us there, a warning some of the images you will see are graphic.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

CHRISTIANE AMANPOUR, CNN INTERNATIONAL ANCHOR (voice-over): Here in Kharkiv, formal Ukrainian capital, second biggest city and one of the most

important cultural sites, the great 19th century poet Taras Shevchenko is hunkering down for the rest of this war. Workers cover him in sandbags

against the kind of destruction that's pounded this city's center since the start. The most spectacular strike was this one a month ago, a Russian

missile slammed low and hard straight into the corner of the regional administration building.

(on camera): The missile struck right here. And the idea of hitting a building like this is to deny the legitimacy of the state. But the terror

against civilians continues playground by playground, mall by mall, park bench by park bench.

(voice-over): Which is what we find in this residential neighborhood. People were sitting outside chatting on a Sunday afternoon, kids were

playing. We find the tell-tale pattern of a mortar that landed right here. Authorities say seven people were killed in this neighborhood, many more

were injured. Kharkiv sits 40 miles from the Russian border. It is the last major city before Donbas where Russia is directing its war effort to the

east.

Just last week, the nearby village of Malaya Rohan was liberated from the Russians. This civilian says he was captured and held.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: (SPEAKING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE)

AMANPOUR: When dusk falls, children are outside playing and getting the last bit of fresh air before descending underground into one of the

capital's many subway stations. After 40 days of war, they have turned their temporary homes into a neighborhood. Some have even decorated with

fresh flowers. Zina(ph) says she's been living down here since the beginning.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Oh, this is my house.

AMANPOUR (on camera): Yes --

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: This used to be my house. Now we cannot live here obviously because it has been bombed three times in a row.

AMANPOUR: But this is a safe space for you?

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Yes, absolutely --

AMANPOUR: And for the kids.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Yes, absolutely.

AMANPOUR (voice-over): Kids do what kids do, homework and handicrafts. Even this is organized. Marina(ph) works for an organization that plans

ways to keep the children busy, entertained and their minds off the trauma.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Yes, we're grouped to the playgrounds, this place for kids where they can play with toys, with contractors(ph)-made-puzzles and

to do the things they did in their usual life before the war.

AMANPOUR: But the trauma is never far away, as we found in this underground station where civil defense of teaching kids how to protect

themselves, how to recognize weapons and ordinance and to remember never to touch.

The adults are shown how to protect themselves in case of a chemical weapons attack. Even this maternity hospital was damaged in a mortar

strike. Now the basement has been turned into a shelter and delivery room, if necessary.

Birth, life continues. We met Alena(ph) 30 minutes after she had delivered her baby Yaroslava(ph).

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Well, she is well too. My first daughter.

AMANPOUR (on camera): Your first daughter?

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Yes.

AMANPOUR: Your first child?

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Yes.

AMANPOUR (voice-over): As we're leaving, she tells us, I love my country, I love my daughter, my family, my husband. And in the delirium of new

motherhood, she says everything will be great for us.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

HOLMES: A powerful report there from Christiane, and she does joins me now live from Kharkiv. I know communications have been difficult, it's great to

see you, my friend. You, needless to say have covered wars for decades. What is it like being in Kharkiv? Do you have any sort of measure of

comparison? How bad is it?

AMANPOUR: Well, first and foremost, the entire city is in total lockdown and blackout as of 8:00 p.m. every night. So, that's why we're here,

curtains against any light being seen from the outside in a hotel room, unable to be outside with lights to do this kind of report with you.

However, it is what it is.

And it shows what's happening in Kharkiv, the second largest city which today, the Minister of Defense, his spokesman said -- this is the Ukrainian

minister said, they're very concerned that a Russian regroup is going to, you know, go towards the east where Kharkiv kind of is.

[14:30:00]

And they might even try to capture Kharkiv. That was from the Ministry of Defense. So people here are really, really afraid. We're only 40 kilometers

from the Russian border. And it's a city of some 1.5 million people, Michael.

About a third or more have fled, and it's a ghost town during the day. I mean, literally, most of everything is boarded up. There's no business

flourishing, no restaurants, cafes, there are gas stations and some, you know, food stores, but their lines outside, you know, pharmacies and the

rest.

And we've been hearing intermittent regular artillery joules. We can hear it and we went this morning to see the impact of a mortar strike, which

happened yesterday, not far from where we are. Seven people were killed on a Sunday afternoon, thirty-four people were injured. And this is the pace

of events here in Kharkiv. And it's scary for people, very, very scary, particularly, Michael, after what they saw coming out of Kiev, and they

really don't want this place captured and to you know, have a fate worse than what happened around those outskirts of the capital.

MICHAEL HOLMES: Yes, horrific scenes all around the country and signs of resilience continue as well. And it's great to have you there to bear

witness. Christiane Amanpour, thanks so much there in Kharkiv.

All right. Still to come tonight, Ukraine's Foreign Minister says Russia's crimes in Bucha are just the tip of the iceberg. We'll uncover more of the

horrors coming up.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

HOLMES: Survivors in Bucha in Ukraine are now telling their stories of atrocities at the hands of Russian forces, horrifying stories of rape, of

torture, and mass killings.

[14:35:03]

ITN's Dan Rivers visited Bucha to see the result of Russia's violent occupation for himself. Warning as we so often do these days, many of the

images in his report are graphic and disturbing.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

DAN RIVERS, CORRESPONDENT, ITN: At the gateway to Bucha and Hostomel, there are the mangled remains of Russian vehicles and the blown bridge which

marks the extent of their advance.

And nearby, the burnt bodies of soldiers killed here by a Ukrainian counteroffensive, gruesome sentinels to a battlefield, in which dated

Russian machinery was pitted against the latest Western supplied anti-tank weapons. And this was the result, a rewriting of the orthodoxy about

Russia's perceived military strength.

Some of the Russians who sought to occupy this community town near Kiev will probably never leave, thanks to one man's war the remains may never be

repatriated, or possibly even identified.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

RIVERS: This is the most potent symbol of the Russian defeat here in Bucha, a street choked with the charred remains of their tanks and armored

vehicles. Now they've gone, we're beginning to get a fuller picture of the terrible toll inflicted on the civilian population here.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

RIVERS: War, in all its grotesque brutality, has turned these streets into a hell from which there is no triumph. Massacres of Ukrainian men have been

uncovered by the army here. The war crimes committed here mark a bleak new low in this conflict described by Ukraine as the most outrageous atrocity

of the 21st century.

There isn't just one site where massacres occurred. The true picture here is only just emerging. This man in Hostomel tells me about the rape and

dismemberment of a young woman at the hands of two Chechen soldiers. He says they just slaughtered her like a lamb, but he took his revenge with

other local men, killing them both.

For the civilians like Maxim Skripnik caught between the two sides, there was little to do but pray for deliverance.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

RIVERS: I mean describe what it was like, the bombardment. I mean describe how it felt to you.

MAXIM SKRIPNIK, HOSTOMEL RESIDENT: It was terrible. It was completely terrible, you know, near my car, wars exploded three mines.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

RIVERS: Some of the dead were buried by their neighbors close to the shattered remains of their homes. This is where Yna lies. Hit by a shell,

her grave adorned with food and drink her relatives would have traditionally shared at her funeral side that her son has been unable to

reach the town to grieve for his mother.

But many more were hastily interred without headstones, or even identification. Here, it's believed 280 people were buried in mass graves,

one row for Ukrainians, one for Russians.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): This is horrible. We survived this. They were shelling us. I cannot find words to describe what we lived

through.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

RIVERS: This family appeared to have escaped unscathed after days in a bunker, until you know Dima's father was detained by the Russians and never

seen again. As he swings he says, "If the bad man come back, I'll stamp on them." There seems little chance now of the Russians fighting their way

back into these towns. But the legacy of their brief reign of terror will never be forgotten.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

HOLMES: ITN's Dan Rivers there. Now along the coast west of Mykolaiv, the City of Odesa has once again come under fire. A Ukrainian official

confirming several missiles hit one of the districts overnight, this attack following a strike on a fuel depot in Odesa on Sunday, which left residents

shaken. CNN's Ed Lavandera is there.

(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)

ED LAVANDERA, CNN U.S. NATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: The missiles exploded in a startling violent barrage, about six strikes lit up the sky. Russian

Military officials say the attack on Odesa was launched from the sea and land using high precision missiles.

The massive plumes of black swirling smoke covered much of the city of one million people. The strikes landed in a largely industrial area, destroying

an oil refinery and fuel storage facilities.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

LAVANDERA: Multiple airstrikes hit the port city of Odesa here in southern Ukraine just before sunrise Sunday morning. There were no air raid sirens

that went off before the blast and the explosion could be felt and seen from miles away.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

[14:40:04]

LAVANDERA: Ukrainian officials say there were no injuries, but Tatiana Gerasim says the explosions threw her from the chair she was sleeping in

and window glass shattered all over her. Tatiana volunteers in this building late into the night, cooking meals for Ukrainian soldiers. In

recent days, she says reconnaissance drones were flying over the fuel storage facility. Two other residents told us they saw the drones as well.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

TATIANA GERASIM, ODESA RESIDENT (through translator): The drones were flying around and I knew they were up to something and could bomb the

depot. And we've been thinking where we could hide in case something happens.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

LAVANDERA: A small pocket of apartment buildings and homes sit just across the street from the bombing site. Families stood outside their homes under

the clouds of dark smoke, watching flames shoot up into the air. The explosions shattered windows and any remaining sense of security these

residents had left.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

GERASIM: Of course I'm scared. And now they're hitting everywhere. They are doing it in all cities. We know it, we see it.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

LAVANDERA: The attack on Odesa follows a similar pattern Russian forces have carried out for weeks, hitting fuel storage facilities across the

country, it claims, are supplying their Ukrainian military. But if the Odesa strike is a precise attack, Ukrainian officials say the strikes hours

later in the neighboring city of Mykolaiv have no rhyme or reason and are designed to harass and panic civilians.

Despite being this close to the bombing and with tears in her eyes, Tatiana Gerasim says she refuses to leave Ukraine. She tells me "These bastards

won't get away with it." Ed Lavandera CNN, Odesa, Ukraine.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

HOLMES: Hungary's Prime Minister, Viktor Orban, has been reelected in a landslide. He's now serving his fourth consecutive term. That means he'll

be in power for another four years likely, spelling more headaches with the E.U.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

VIKTOR ORBAN, HUNGARIAN PRIME MINISTER (through translator): We have scored a victory so big that it can be seen even from the moon, but definitely

from Brussels.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

HOLMES: Orban's relationship with Moscow is creating some massive challenges within the E.U., which has started to withhold funds for Hungary

over human rights issues.

Now he is, to some extent, the closest friend the Russian president has within the European Union and NATO, and Vladimir Putin was quick to

congratulate him on his reelection. But the Hungarian Prime Minister went one step further during his victory speech calling Ukraine's Volodymyr

Zelenskyy an opponent.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

ORBAN (through translator): Now we had to battle the biggest forces, the left wing at home, the international left wing, the Brussels bureaucrats,

all the organizations of the Soros Empire, the international mainstream media, and finally the Ukrainian president as well. We never had so many

opponents.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

HOLMES: Still to come here on the program, saving the Earth has time run out. What scientists from around the world have to say in an alarming new

report. We'll be right back.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

[14:46:06]

HOLMES: Now a new report from the United Nations Panel on Climate Change says fossil fuels and a lack of political will are the two greatest

environmental evils. It also says we do have the tools to fix the damage that's been done to our planet. But warns of what will happen if changes

aren't made immediately. The U.N. Secretary General says the time to act is now or never.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

ANTONIO GUTERRES, U.N. SECRETARY-GENERAL: This report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is a litany of broken climate

promises. It is a file of shame, cataloging the empty pledges that put us firmly on track towards an unlivable world. We are on a fast track to

climate disaster.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

HOLMES: Now one stark fact from the report, global carbon emissions are now 54 percent higher than they were in just 1990. Ever think about that. The

President of Pakistan calling for the formation of a caretaker government meanwhile, while the country's Supreme Court decides the fate of its prime

minister. The court's proceedings are on hold until tomorrow over whether it was unconstitutional for Prime Minister Imran Khan to dissolve

parliament and announce early elections. His action came after a parliament official blocked a vote that could have removed Khan from power.

Sri Lanka is also in a state of political chaos as the country struggles with a failing economy. Streets filled with protesters and the President

has declared a state of emergency. Twenty-six cabinet members resigned during the weekend, and the government is being run by four ministers. The

president swore them earlier today.

Shifting gears to social medial, after criticizing Twitter by saying the platform doesn't allow for free speech, the business mogul, Elon Musk, has

now become the largest individual shareholder in the company. He purchased a little more than nine percent of Twitter's stock. The CEO of Tesla has 80

million Twitter followers.

Still to come on the program tonight, a story of resilience for you, how this woman was forced to flee her home twice in a lifetime from the Nazis,

and, again, from Putin's invasion. We'll be right back.

(COMMERCIAL BREAK)

[14:51:13]

HOLMES: Imagine fleeing the terror of the Nazis as a baby just to be pushed out of your home once again, this time by Putin's invasion of Ukraine.

That's what happened to an 82-year-old Holocaust survivor, Margaryta Zatuchna from Kharkiv. She is now in Poland after escaping the shells

raining down on her beloved city. Salma Abdelaziz with her story.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I'm the director of the Jewish community center here.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

SALMA ABDELAZIZ, CNN CORRESPONDENT: This is the moment Margaryta Zatuchna says she finally felt safe, welcomed by her Jewish community in Kracow.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

MARGARYTA ZATUCHNA, UKRAINIAN REFUGEE: I am presented with so much flowers and it was -- it smells very well.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

ABDELAZIZ: We sat down to hear the story from twice a survivor.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

ZATUCHNA: I was born in 1940. And when the war with Germany began, I was only one year and a half.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

ABDELAZIZ: In 1941, her family fled their home in Kharkiv where Nazis murdered an estimated 16,000 Jews. She later returned, grew up and grew old

in peacetime. That is until Russian troops invaded, bombing and besieging Kharkiv.

"There was no water or power. We couldn't buy food. It was impossible to live," she says, "There was explosion after explosion. A real war." Not

even a monument that honors the city's Holocaust victims escaped Moscow's so called Denazification Campaign, but Margaryta stayed to care for her

sick husband, Valarie, as long as she could.

"An explosion blew out all our windows," she says. After that shock, he grew weaker and weaker. After nearly a month of war, Valarie passed away.

His body still lies in a morgue. There are no funerals because of the fighting.

Now aged 82, the Holocaust survivor knew it was time to go, packed only what she could carry and fled her birthplace.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

ZATUCHNA: It is very difficult when my beautiful town, when I lived all my life is destroyed.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

ABDELAZIZ: A driver picked up Margaryta in this vehicle, damaged in an earlier attack. For two days, they traveled out of Kharkiv and across

dangerous territory to Lviv.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

ZATUCHNA: It is a very hard road.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

ABDELAZIZ: From there, she boarded an ambulance and was ferried into Poland. We were tracking her evacuation and met her at the border crossing.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

ABDELAZIZ: Hi. Welcome to Poland.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

ABDELAZIZ: But Margaryta still has further to go. She wants to join her brother in New Jersey.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

ZATUCHNA: I was not scared.

ABDELAZIZ: Where is this bravery from?

ZATUCHNA: It comes alone to us.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

ABDELAZIZ: Margaryta hopes to return to bury her husband of 40 years and see her beloved city at peace again. Salma Abdelaziz CNN, Krakow.

(END VIDEOTAPE)

HOLMES: Now the Grammy Awards on Sunday featured a special guest, the Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy. In a pre-taped message, the

President urging the international community to help share the truth of what's happening in Ukraine.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

VOLODYMYR ZELENSKYY, UKRAINIAN PRESIDENT: Our musicians wear body armor instead of tuxedos. They sing to the wounded in hospitals, even to those

who can't hear them.

[14:55:03]

But the music will break through anyway. We defend our freedom, to live, to love, to sound on our land. We are fighting Russia, which brings horrible

silence with its bombs. The dead silence. Fill the silence with your music. Fill it today to tell our story.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

HOLMES: Now following Mr. Zelenskyy's message, singer John Legend joined Ukrainian performers and musicians with his new song entitled "Free." It

celebrates the power of music in dark times, especially war. There were Music Awards, of course, singer and bandleader, Jon Batiste, was the

biggest Grammy winner taking home five awards, including Best Album.

Pop sensation, Olivia Rodrigo, won three awards, including Best New Artist and Best Pop Vocal Album. And R&B duo, Six Sonic, took home the Record of

the Year and best song. I am of course familiar with all of them and their music. Thanks for watching tonight. Stay with us on CNN. "QUEST MEANS

BUSINESS" up next. I'll see you same time tomorrow.

END